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Antioxidant Activity of the Tithonia diversifolia, Moringa oleifera, and Curcuma longa Extract Combination Against Oxidative Stress in a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice

Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education · Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026) · hlm. 198–209

DOI
10.15294/biosaintifika.v18i2.47293
ISSN
2338-7610, 2085-191X
Terbit
2026-08-20
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

The induction of acute inflammation in the lung tissue is triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated activation of the TLR4 receptor. The combination of Tithonia diversifolia (T), Moringa oleifera (M), and Curcuma longa (C) extracts holds potential for synergistic anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the aqueous TMC extract combination on reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and enhancing Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2 Related Factor 2 (NRF2) expression in LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in BALB/c mice. Thirty-six BALB/c mice were divided into five groups: negative control, LPS positive control, and three treatment groups receiving varying doses of the combined extract (TMC-1: 500/300/200; TMC-2: 200/500/300; TMC-3: 300/200/500 mg/kg BW). Treatments were administered orally for 14 days, followed by intraperitoneal LPS induction (0.5 mg/kg BW). Extract combination (TMC) significantly mitigated LPS-induced oxidative stress in a mouse acute lung injury model. Post-LPS therapy reduced MDA levels dose-dependently (16.96–8.68% vs. LPS 36.52%), restored SOD activity near normal (5.74–13.84% vs. LPS 25.23%), and normalized NRF2 expression (8.68–9.58% vs. LPS 17.11%). The TMC combination significantly reduced MDA levels and normalized the NRF2–SOD pathway, with the strongest SOD restoration at P2 (5.74%). These results confirm the role of TMC in strengthening the endogenous antioxidant system. This study provides scientific evidence for the development of the TMC extract combination as a potential phytopharmaceutical agent to mitigate oxidative stress and support tissue repair in inflammatory conditions such as ALI. Ultimately, this research supports UN SDG 3 (Targets 3.4 and 3.b) by developing an affordable respiratory protective agent, while simultaneously advancing SDG 15 through the sustainable pharmacological utilization of local plant biodiversity.

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  • University of Brawijaya
  • Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
  • Universitas Jember
  • Nagoya University
  • Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Universitas Megarezky
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Organisasi berbeda
  • Organisasi sama
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Aris SoewondoUniversity of Brawijaya5
Nashi WidodoUniversity of Brawijaya4
Sri RahayuUniversity of Brawijaya4
Muhammad Sasmito DjatiUniversity of Brawijaya4
Fikriya Novita SariUniversity of Brawijaya3
Yoga Dwi JatmikoUniversity of Brawijaya3
Muhammad Halim NatsirUniversity of Brawijaya3
Sri WidyartiUniversity of Brawijaya2
Sri RahayuUniversity of Brawijaya2
Farida RachmawatiUniversity of Brawijaya2
Sefihara Paramitha SaktiUniversity of Brawijaya2
Dwi Purno WidekdoUniversity of Brawijaya2
Firda Nuri AsyhariUniversity of Brawijaya2
Heni Sukma ZulfatimUniversity of Brawijaya2
Nenis Try Melani PutriUniversity of Brawijaya2
Ahmad Shobrun JamilUniversitas Muhammadiyah Malang2
Mansur IbrahimUniversitas Megarezky2
Sapti PuspitariniUniversitas Negeri Surabaya2
Wayan Firdaus MahmudyUniversity of Brawijaya1
Achmad RidokUniversity of Brawijaya1
Meddy SetiawanUniversitas Muhammadiyah Malang1
Sulistyo Mulyo AgustiniUniversitas Muhammadiyah Malang1
Haidar AzzamuddinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Maria UlinnuhaUniversity of Brawijaya1
Alya H. PuspitoputriUniversity of Brawijaya1
Shafanony KhansaUniversity of Brawijaya1
Hideo TsuboiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Khaled HossainAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Izumi NakashimaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Haruhiko SuzukiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Young-Ho LeeAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/biosaintifika/oai, pertama di-harvest 5 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Antioxidant Activity of the Tithonia diversifolia, Moringa oleifera, and Curcuma longa Extract Combination Against Oxidative Stress in a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Cahyani, Sofia Nur</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Belinda Nabiila Al Faizah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Rif'atul Hawani. B</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nabila Shafa Yumna Salsabila</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Lestari, Noviana Dwi </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Moh Dliyauddin</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mahendra , Agung Pramana Warih </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Tsuboi, Hideo </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Muhaimin Rifa’i</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">acute lung injury</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">lipopolysaccharide</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">oxidative stress</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">TMC extract</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">The induction of acute inflammation in the lung tissue is triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated activation of the TLR4 receptor. The combination of Tithonia diversifolia (T), Moringa oleifera (M), and Curcuma longa (C) extracts holds potential for synergistic anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the aqueous TMC extract combination on reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and enhancing Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2 Related Factor 2 (NRF2) expression in LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in BALB/c mice. Thirty-six BALB/c mice were divided into five groups: negative control, LPS positive control, and three treatment groups receiving varying doses of the combined extract (TMC-1: 500/300/200; TMC-2: 200/500/300; TMC-3: 300/200/500 mg/kg BW). Treatments were administered orally for 14 days, followed by intraperitoneal LPS induction (0.5 mg/kg BW). Extract combination (TMC) significantly mitigated LPS-induced oxidative stress in a mouse acute lung injury model. Post-LPS therapy reduced MDA levels dose-dependently (16.96–8.68% vs. LPS 36.52%), restored SOD activity near normal (5.74–13.84% vs. LPS 25.23%), and normalized NRF2 expression (8.68–9.58% vs. LPS 17.11%). The TMC combination significantly reduced MDA levels and normalized the NRF2–SOD pathway, with the strongest SOD restoration at P2 (5.74%). These results confirm the role of TMC in strengthening the endogenous antioxidant system. This study provides scientific evidence for the development of the TMC extract combination as a potential phytopharmaceutical agent to mitigate oxidative stress and support tissue repair in inflammatory conditions such as ALI. Ultimately, this research supports UN SDG 3 (Targets 3.4 and 3.b) by developing an affordable respiratory protective agent, while simultaneously advancing SDG 15 through the sustainable pharmacological utilization of local plant biodiversity.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-08-20</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/biosaintifika/article/view/47293</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/biosaintifika.v18i2.47293</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education; Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026): August 2026; 198-209</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2338-7610</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2085-191X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/biosaintifika.v18i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/biosaintifika/article/view/47293/10943</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>