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Olfactory and Trail-Following Responses of Coptotermes curvignathus to Selected Plant Leaf Extracts

Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education · Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026) · hlm. 329–339

DOI
10.15294/biosaintifika.v18i2.49378
ISSN
2338-7610, 2085-191X
Terbit
2026-08-20
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

Subterranean termites, particularly Coptotermes curvignathus, are destructive pests that cause serious damage to wood, crops, plantation commodities, and building structures. The development of plant-based semiochemicals may provide an environmentally friendly alternative for termite management by utilizing natural compounds that influence termite orientation behavior. This study aimed to evaluate the olfactory and trail-following responses of C. curvignathus workers to selected plant leaf extracts and to identify their potential roles as attractants, repellents, or trail-disrupting agents. Leaves of cajuput, eucalyptus, citronella, pine, and tea tree were extracted using 70% ethanol, concentrated by rotary evaporation, and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Olfactory responses were tested using a Y-tube olfactometer, while trail-following behavior was evaluated using a Y-shaped filter paper assay. Each treatment was replicated 15 times using different worker termites, and the data were analyzed using the chi-square test. The highest olfactory response was observed in cajuput extract (80.00%), followed by eucalyptus (60.00%), pine (53.33%), tea tree (40.00%), and citronella (33.33%). In the trail-following assay, cajuput produced the highest positive response (93.33%), followed by pine (80.00%), eucalyptus (53.33%), tea tree (33.33%), and citronella (26.66%). GC-MS analysis showed that cajuput was dominated by α-pinene and 1,8-cineole, while citronella contained geraniol and citronellol, compounds associated with repellent activity. These findings indicate that plant-derived volatile monoterpenes influence termite orientation and trail-following behavior. This research supports SDG 12 and SDG 15 by promoting plant-based termite management and reducing reliance on synthetic termiticides.

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  • State University of Semarang
  • IPB University
  • Universitas Papua
  • University of Technology Malaysia
  • Tanjungpura University
  • Universitas Pattimura
  • Hasanuddin University
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Fahrur RoziState University of Semarang4
Rifa’atunnisa Rifa’atunnisaState University of Semarang4
Juhadi JuhadiState University of Semarang4
Heru SetyantoState University of Semarang4
Muh Yusram MassijayaAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Sri Mulyani Endang SusilowatiState University of Semarang3
Angga SeptiyantoState University of Semarang3
SuhasmanAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Dyah Rini IndriyantiState University of Semarang2
Deni Fajar FitriyanaState University of Semarang2
Rizqi Fitri NaryantoState University of Semarang2
Rizqi Fitri NaryantoState University of Semarang2
Ahmad RoziqinState University of Semarang2
M. PaiticenState University of Semarang1
Elda Irma Jeanne Joice KawulurUniversitas Papua1
Silvia Hanna Kusuma SiraitUniversitas Papua1
S. MohammedUniversity of Technology Malaysia1
Dina SetyawatiTanjungpura University1
Naresworo NugrohoIPB University1
Rohny Setiawan MaailUniversitas Pattimura1
Dede HermawanIPB University1
Astuti ArifHasanuddin University1
Ning SetiatiState University of Semarang1
Ely RudyatmiState University of Semarang1
Pramesti DewiState University of Semarang1
Sriyadi SriyadiMuhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta1
Rusyida AuliyaState University of Semarang1
Naeli Tamin QonitaState University of Semarang1
Previanda ArditamaState University of Semarang1
Priyantini WidiyaningrumState University of Semarang1
Aura Tirsa MelindaState University of Semarang1
R. Susanti R. SusantiState University of Semarang1
Ulin Nikmatul AflahState University of Semarang1
Talitha WidiatningrumState University of Semarang1
Mutiarani Kartika DewiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/biosaintifika/oai, pertama di-harvest 5 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Olfactory and Trail-Following Responses of Coptotermes curvignathus to Selected Plant Leaf Extracts</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Subekti, Niken</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Maulana, Sonika </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ramadhan, Ahmad Naharuddin </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nabila, Putri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Hadi, Yusuf Sudo </dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Bioattractant</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Coptotermes curvignathus</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">GC-MS</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">leaf extract</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">olfactory response</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">trail-following behavior</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Subterranean termites, particularly Coptotermes curvignathus, are destructive pests that cause serious damage to wood, crops, plantation commodities, and building structures. The development of plant-based semiochemicals may provide an environmentally friendly alternative for termite management by utilizing natural compounds that influence termite orientation behavior. This study aimed to evaluate the olfactory and trail-following responses of C. curvignathus workers to selected plant leaf extracts and to identify their potential roles as attractants, repellents, or trail-disrupting agents. Leaves of cajuput, eucalyptus, citronella, pine, and tea tree were extracted using 70% ethanol, concentrated by rotary evaporation, and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Olfactory responses were tested using a Y-tube olfactometer, while trail-following behavior was evaluated using a Y-shaped filter paper assay. Each treatment was replicated 15 times using different worker termites, and the data were analyzed using the chi-square test. The highest olfactory response was observed in cajuput extract (80.00%), followed by eucalyptus (60.00%), pine (53.33%), tea tree (40.00%), and citronella (33.33%). In the trail-following assay, cajuput produced the highest positive response (93.33%), followed by pine (80.00%), eucalyptus (53.33%), tea tree (33.33%), and citronella (26.66%). GC-MS analysis showed that cajuput was dominated by α-pinene and 1,8-cineole, while citronella contained geraniol and citronellol, compounds associated with repellent activity. These findings indicate that plant-derived volatile monoterpenes influence termite orientation and trail-following behavior. This research supports SDG 12 and SDG 15 by promoting plant-based termite management and reducing reliance on synthetic termiticides.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-08-20</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/biosaintifika/article/view/49378</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/biosaintifika.v18i2.49378</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education; Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026): August 2026; 329-339</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2338-7610</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2085-191X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/biosaintifika.v18i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/biosaintifika/article/view/49378/11004</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>