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Customary Council Decisions as Grounds for the Elimination of Prosecution: Notes on the Criminal Procedure Code

IJCLS (Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies) · Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026) · hlm. 1–42

DOI
10.15294/ijcls.v11i1.31803
ISSN
2548-1576, 2548-1568
Terbit
2026-05-04
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Abstrak

This article examines whether decisions issued by customary councils should constitute a legal ground for the elimination of prosecution under Indonesia’s Law No. 20 of 2025 on the Criminal Procedure Code. Following the enactment of Law No. 1 of 2023 on the National Criminal Code, customary criminal law has been formally recognized as part of Indonesian living law. However, the Criminal Procedure Code does not provide procedural provisions governing the relationship between customary justice mechanisms and the state criminal justice system. Using normative legal research with statutory and case approaches, this study analyzes Supreme Court jurisprudence recognizing customary decisions as a valid basis for eliminating prosecution. The findings indicate that the lack of procedural recognition creates legal uncertainty and undermines the principle of legal pluralism. Therefore, this article proposes the inclusion of a specific provision in the Criminal Procedure Code that recognizes customary council decisions as a ground for eliminating prosecution when the offender has complied with the imposed customary sanction.

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijcls/oai, pertama di-harvest 5 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 5 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Customary Council Decisions as Grounds for the Elimination of Prosecution: Notes on the Criminal Procedure Code</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Aris Hardinanto</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Zico Junius Fernando</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nahdiya Sabrina</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Eka Nugraha Putra</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Benny Sumardiana</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Elimination of Prosecution</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Customary Criminal Law</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Living Law</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Customary Justice</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Criminal Procedure Reform</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">This article examines whether decisions issued by customary councils should constitute a legal ground for the elimination of prosecution under Indonesia’s Law No. 20 of 2025 on the Criminal Procedure Code. Following the enactment of Law No. 1 of 2023 on the National Criminal Code, customary criminal law has been formally recognized as part of Indonesian living law. However, the Criminal Procedure Code does not provide procedural provisions governing the relationship between customary justice mechanisms and the state criminal justice system. Using normative legal research with statutory and case approaches, this study analyzes Supreme Court jurisprudence recognizing customary decisions as a valid basis for eliminating prosecution. The findings indicate that the lack of procedural recognition creates legal uncertainty and undermines the principle of legal pluralism. Therefore, this article proposes the inclusion of a specific provision in the Criminal Procedure Code that recognizes customary council decisions as a ground for eliminating prosecution when the offender has complied with the imposed customary sanction.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-05-04</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijcls/article/view/31803</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/ijcls.v11i1.31803</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">IJCLS (Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies); Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Indonesia J. Crim. L. Studies (May, 2026); 1-42</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2548-1576</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2548-1568</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/ijcls.v11i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijcls/article/view/31803/9031</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Aris Hardinanto, Zico Junius Fernando, Nahdiya Sabrina, Eka Nugraha Putra, Benny Sumardiana (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>