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Reconciliation in Modern Penal Policy: a Strategy for Removing Guilt and Criminal Responsibility

IJCLS (Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies) · Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026) · hlm. 43–82

DOI
10.15294/ijcls.v11i1.34366
ISSN
2548-1576, 2548-1568
Terbit
2026-05-04
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Abstrak

The Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP), enacted on December 6, 2022, establishes the principles of guilt and criminal responsibility in Article 36, while simultaneously expanding the scope of criminal liability beyond the requirement of the offender's fault. This provision opens the possibility of imposing criminal liability without fault (strict liability). In relation to the termination of prosecution, the KUHP also accommodates the settlement of disputes outside the court through a reconciliation mechanism. The inclusion of this provision has encouraged the researcher to examine the fundamental idea of out-of-court dispute resolution through reconciliation, and to conceptualize the ideal mechanism of reconciliation as a penal policy for eliminating guilt and criminal responsibility within the framework of modern penal policy. This study employs a normative juridical approach. The findings indicate, first, that the fundamental idea of out-of-court dispute resolution through reconciliation lies in harmonization, the protection of victims, and the avoidance of the negative impacts of imprisonment. Second, the reconciliation mechanism must be carefully considered, and this research proposes a categorization of out-of-court dispute resolution in order to provide legal certainty.

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  • Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta
  • Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim
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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijcls/oai, pertama di-harvest 5 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc)
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Reconciliation in Modern Penal Policy: a Strategy for Removing Guilt and Criminal Responsibility</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Umi Rozah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Heru Susetyo</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Yudistira, Aldi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Jaco Barkhuizen</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Reconciliation</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Penal Policy</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Guilt</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Criminal Responsibility</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">The Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP), enacted on December 6, 2022, establishes the principles of guilt and criminal responsibility in Article 36, while simultaneously expanding the scope of criminal liability beyond the requirement of the offender's fault. This provision opens the possibility of imposing criminal liability without fault (strict liability). In relation to the termination of prosecution, the KUHP also accommodates the settlement of disputes outside the court through a reconciliation mechanism. The inclusion of this provision has encouraged the researcher to examine the fundamental idea of out-of-court dispute resolution through reconciliation, and to conceptualize the ideal mechanism of reconciliation as a penal policy for eliminating guilt and criminal responsibility within the framework of modern penal policy. This study employs a normative juridical approach. The findings indicate, first, that the fundamental idea of out-of-court dispute resolution through reconciliation lies in harmonization, the protection of victims, and the avoidance of the negative impacts of imprisonment. Second, the reconciliation mechanism must be carefully considered, and this research proposes a categorization of out-of-court dispute resolution in order to provide legal certainty.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-05-04</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijcls/article/view/34366</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/ijcls.v11i1.34366</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">IJCLS (Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies); Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Indonesia J. Crim. L. Studies (May, 2026); 43-82</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2548-1576</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2548-1568</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/ijcls.v11i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijcls/article/view/34366/9114</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Umi Rozah, Heru Susetyo, Aldi Yudistira, Jaco Barkhuizen (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>