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The Potential of Criminal Sanctions in Indonesia’s Spatial Planning Law from a Sustainable Development Perspective

Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development · Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025) · hlm. 375–408

DOI
10.15294/ijel.v4i2.19096
ISSN
2829-9590, 2829-9582
Terbit
2025-12-30
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

This study examines the role of criminal law in curbing unlawful land-use practices in Indone-sia's broader spatial-planning framework. Its primary interest lies not only in asking whether the threat of criminal enforcement deters potential offenders but also in investigating whether those who violate the rules receive sanctions that are credible, consistent, and sufficiently severe. Employing a normative legal methodology, the author examines statutory texts, cornerstone legal principles, and leading judicial opinions, deftly navigating between major codes and significant academic commentary. The analysis shows that although sanctions appear to be codified, they operate with limited force in the real world because of vague language, poorly trained investigators, and an enduring pattern within government agencies to rely on softer administrative fines before resorting to stricter penalties. On that ground, the paper insists that criminal tools must still act as an ultimum remedium if Indonesia hopes to defend the rule of law and head toward truly sustainable land management. To make the system stronger, the author(s) calls on lawmakers to clarify enforcement paths, improve coordination between ministries, and fund training for the officers who face spatial violations day after day.

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  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • State University of Semarang
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Waspiah WaspiahAfiliasi tidak diketahui17
Ridwan ArifinAfiliasi tidak diketahui17
Cahya WulandariState University of Semarang9
Muhammad Azil MaskurAfiliasi tidak diketahui8
Bayangsari WedhatamiAfiliasi tidak diketahui8
Asmarani RamliAfiliasi tidak diketahui8
Rofi WahanisaAfiliasi tidak diketahui7
Dian LatifianiAfiliasi tidak diketahui6
Indah Sri UtariAfiliasi tidak diketahui6
Rahayu Fery AnitasariAfiliasi tidak diketahui6
Asyaffa Ridzqi AmandhaAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Ubaidillah KamalAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Anis WidyawatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Windiahsari WindiahsariAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Ahmad Zaharuddin Sani Ahmad SabriAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Ratih DamayantiState University of Semarang5
Batari LaskarwatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Roziya AbuAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Muhammad Adymas Hikal FikriAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Jusniar Rusli AfaUniversitas Halu Oleo3
Fithria FithriaUniversitas Halu Oleo3
Nurmaladewi NurmaladewiUniversitas Halu Oleo3
Ruslan MajidAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Lisnawaty LisnawatyAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
‪Eram Tunggul Pawenang‬State University of Semarang3
Kartika Fajar CahyaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Adinda Ratna PertiwiAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Muhammad Iqbal BaiquniAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Rohadhatul AisyAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Nadiyah Meyliana PutriAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Dani MuhtadaAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Ngboawaji Daniel NteAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Siti Hafsyah IdrisAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Jafriati JafriatiUniversitas Halu Oleo2

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijel/oai, pertama di-harvest 5 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">The Potential of Criminal Sanctions in Indonesia’s Spatial Planning Law from a Sustainable Development Perspective</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Aprila Niravita</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Masyhar, Ali</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Rodiyah, Rodiyah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Suhadi, Suhadi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Chhachhar, Varun </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Adymas Hikal Fikri, Muhammad</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Criminal Sanctions</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Spatial Planning</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sustainable Development</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Law Enforcement</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Environmental Protection</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">This study examines the role of criminal law in curbing unlawful land-use practices in Indone-sia's broader spatial-planning framework. Its primary interest lies not only in asking whether the threat of criminal enforcement deters potential offenders but also in investigating whether those who violate the rules receive sanctions that are credible, consistent, and sufficiently severe. Employing a normative legal methodology, the author examines statutory texts, cornerstone legal principles, and leading judicial opinions, deftly navigating between major codes and significant academic commentary. The analysis shows that although sanctions appear to be codified, they operate with limited force in the real world because of vague language, poorly trained investigators, and an enduring pattern within government agencies to rely on softer administrative fines before resorting to stricter penalties. On that ground, the paper insists that criminal tools must still act as an ultimum remedium if Indonesia hopes to defend the rule of law and head toward truly sustainable land management. To make the system stronger, the author(s) calls on lawmakers to clarify enforcement paths, improve coordination between ministries, and fund training for the officers who face spatial violations day after day.
 </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-12-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijel/article/view/19096</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/ijel.v4i2.19096</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): July-December, 2025; 375-408</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2829-9590</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2829-9582</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/ijel.v4i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijel/article/view/19096/7837</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Aprila Niravita, Ali Masyhar, Rodiyah Rodiyah, Suhadi Suhadi, Varun Chhachar, Muhammad Adymas Hikal Fikri (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>