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Environment as a Legal Subject in the Reconstruction of Indonesia’s Environmental Law

Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development · Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025) · hlm. 95–122

DOI
10.15294/ijel.v4i1.20146
ISSN
2829-9590, 2829-9582
Terbit
2025-07-29
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

This study aims to analyze the new paradigm of recognizing the environment as a legal subject within Indonesia's legal system and its implications for environmental law enforcement. Driven by the increasingly complex environmental crisis caused by natural resource exploitation, environmental degradation, and climate change, this paradigm introduces an eco-centric approach and the theory of biocentric justice. The concept acknowledges the environment as a legal entity with intrinsic rights to exist, develop, and be restored when damaged. The research employs a normative approach with qualitative analysis methods and comparative studies of countries such as Ecuador, Bolivia, New Zealand and India which have implemented the recognition of the environment as a legal subject. The findings indicate that recognizing the environment as a legal subject in Indonesia requires comprehensive legal reforms, including constitutional amendments, the enactment of specific laws on environmental rights, strengthening law enforcement institutions, and empowering communities. This recognition is expected to enhance environmental law enforcement, establish ecological justice, and promote sustainable development. Therefore, this paradigm not only serves as a solution to the environmental crisis but also reflects Indonesia's commitment to Pancasila values and the sustainability of future generations.

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  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Kiki KristantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Ihsanul MaarifAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Ariesta Wibisono AndityaAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Mikhael FekaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Zainal ArifinAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Aris HardinantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Nahdiya SabrinaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Panca Sarjana PutraAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Papontee TeeraphanAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Cece SuryanaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
M. Saleh M. SalehAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
La Ode SafuanUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Muhmmad ArfandiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Muhammad Aswar LimiUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Ilma Sarimustaqiyma RianseAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Awaluddin HamzahUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Salahuddin SalahuddinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Rifai NurAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Mustakim MustakimUniversitas Muhammadiyah Parepare1
muh aswinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dian AgustinaUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Bakri YusufUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Nurul FitrianiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Darsilan DimaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nia TiraniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Musadar MapasombaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Yoenita JayadisastraAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Salahuddin SalahuddinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Inda ParatuAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Habiburrahman HabiburrahmanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Gita Leviana PutriAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Fitri Annisa Nuur MahmudahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Andala RP BarusmanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Harifuddin HarifuddinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
NURMI NONCIAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijel/oai, pertama di-harvest 5 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 5 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Environment as a Legal Subject in the Reconstruction of Indonesia’s Environmental Law</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Fernando, Zico Junius</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sinaga, Lestari</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Iskandar, Iskandar</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mardin, Nurhayati</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Arifin, Firdaus</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Environment as a Legal Subject, Eco-Centrism, Biocentric Justice, Legal Reform, Environmental Law Enforcement.</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">This study aims to analyze the new paradigm of recognizing the environment as a legal subject within Indonesia's legal system and its implications for environmental law enforcement. Driven by the increasingly complex environmental crisis caused by natural resource exploitation, environmental degradation, and climate change, this paradigm introduces an eco-centric approach and the theory of biocentric justice. The concept acknowledges the environment as a legal entity with intrinsic rights to exist, develop, and be restored when damaged. The research employs a normative approach with qualitative analysis methods and comparative studies of countries such as Ecuador, Bolivia, New Zealand and India which have implemented the recognition of the environment as a legal subject. The findings indicate that recognizing the environment as a legal subject in Indonesia requires comprehensive legal reforms, including constitutional amendments, the enactment of specific laws on environmental rights, strengthening law enforcement institutions, and empowering communities. This recognition is expected to enhance environmental law enforcement, establish ecological justice, and promote sustainable development. Therefore, this paradigm not only serves as a solution to the environmental crisis but also reflects Indonesia's commitment to Pancasila values and the sustainability of future generations.
 </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-07-29</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijel/article/view/20146</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/ijel.v4i1.20146</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): January-June, 2025; 95-122</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2829-9590</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2829-9582</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijel/article/view/20146/5247</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Zico Junius Fernando, Lestari Victoria Sinaga, Iskandar Iskandar, Nurhayati Mardin, Firdaus Arifin (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>