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Correlation Between Physical Activity And Screen Time With Sleep Duration: A Cohort Study Among Pre to Elementary School-aged Children Before, During, And After The Covid-19 Pandemic

Journal of Health Education · Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025) · hlm. 50–59

DOI
10.15294/jhealthedu.v10i1.25719
ISSN
2528-2905, 2527-4252
Terbit
2025-07-10
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered children's daily routines, particularly increasing screen time, decreasing physical activity, and changing sleep duration, which may impact their physical and mental health. It is important to know how changes in physical activity and screen time can affect children's sleep duration before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study used a quantitative analytical observational cohort study method with 240 child samples aged 6–12 years in Semarang City. The sampling technique used simple random sampling. The research instrument used the SMALLQ® questionnaire. Data analysis techniques used normality tests, Spearman-Rank tests to determine correlations, and Kruskal-Wallis tests to compare data. Results: The correlation between screen time and sleep duration was not statistically significant (p>0.05), while physical activity showed a significant positive correlation with sleep duration (r = 0.253 on weekdays, r = 0.21 weekly, p<0.05). Significant differences were found in screen time, physical activity, and sleep duration across the three periods (p<0.001), with increased screen time and decreased physical activity and sleep duration persisting post-pandemic. Conclusions: The pandemic led to lasting increases in screen time and decreases in physical activity and sleep duration among children. Promoting healthier routines is essential to mitigate these impacts in the new normal era.

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27 penulis · 82 tautan kepenulisan bersama · 12 lintas organisasi

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  • State University of Semarang
  • Diponegoro University
  • Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surakarta
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  • Organisasi berbeda
  • Organisasi sama
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Lindra AnggorowatiState University of Semarang2
Sri Ratna RahayuState University of Semarang2
Robby AkbariandiState University of Semarang1
Wulan Istri HastariState University of Semarang1
Indra Dwi JayantiState University of Semarang1
Syarifah Kamalia Putri ArdhanaState University of Semarang1
Rani Tiara DestyPoliteknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surakarta1
Michael Yong Hwa ChiaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Widya Hary CahyatiState University of Semarang1
Tandiyo RahayuState University of Semarang1
Putri Royan DivaState University of Semarang1
Susanti LestariAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Anggit Aprindrian PrehamuktiState University of Semarang1
Amelia Fitra KhasanahState University of Semarang1
Hima Sakina FirdhausyDiponegoro University1
Aufiena Nur Ayu MerzistyaDiponegoro University1
Ngakan Putu Djaja SemadiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nisrina Dwi RizqiState University of Semarang1
Bertakalswa HermawatiState University of Semarang1
Nur SiyamState University of Semarang1
Fahma Nur FadilaState University of Semarang1
Sifa Ul JanahState University of Semarang1
Nadia Insrswari UtomoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Sungatno SungatnoState University of Semarang1
Niken LestariState University of Semarang1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jhealthedu/oai, pertama di-harvest 6 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Correlation Between Physical Activity And Screen Time With Sleep Duration: A Cohort Study Among Pre to Elementary School-aged Children Before, During, And After The Covid-19 Pandemic</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Rhanindra Aviana Yumna Shafira</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Lukman Fauzi</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Children</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Pandemic</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sleep Duration</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered children's daily routines, particularly increasing screen time, decreasing physical activity, and changing sleep duration, which may impact their physical and mental health. It is important to know how changes in physical activity and screen time can affect children's sleep duration before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. 
Methods: This study used a quantitative analytical observational cohort study method with 240 child samples aged 6–12 years in Semarang City. The sampling technique used simple random sampling. The research instrument used the SMALLQ® questionnaire. Data analysis techniques used normality tests, Spearman-Rank tests to determine correlations, and Kruskal-Wallis tests to compare data.
Results: The correlation between screen time and sleep duration was not statistically significant (p&amp;gt;0.05), while physical activity showed a significant positive correlation with sleep duration (r = 0.253 on weekdays, r = 0.21 weekly, p&amp;lt;0.05). Significant differences were found in screen time, physical activity, and sleep duration across the three periods (p&amp;lt;0.001), with increased screen time and decreased physical activity and sleep duration persisting post-pandemic.  
Conclusions: The pandemic led to lasting increases in screen time and decreases in physical activity and sleep duration among children. Promoting healthier routines is essential to mitigate these impacts in the new normal era.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-07-10</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jhealthedu/article/view/25719</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jhealthedu.v10i1.25719</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Journal of Health Education; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025); 50-59</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2528-2905</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2527-4252</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jhealthedu.v10i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jhealthedu/article/view/25719/4907</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Health Education</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>