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Behavioral and Social Factors Influencing Sweetened Condensed Milk Consumption in Toddlers in Semarang

Journal of Health Education · Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025) · hlm. 123–133

DOI
10.15294/jhealthedu.v10i2.33909
ISSN
2528-2905, 2527-4252
Terbit
2025-12-30
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

Background: Continuous consumption of sweetened condensed milk can inhibit the optimal growth and development of children aged 1-3 years. These consumption habits in toddlers impact their nutritional status, including the risk of being overweight, obese, and undernourished. This study aims to determine the determinants of sweetened condensed milk consumption in toddlers from a behavioral and social perspective in the Sekaran and Bandarharjo Health Center Area, Semarang City. Methods: This study employs quantitative research with observational and analytical methods, utilizing cross-sectional approaches. The respondents in this study were 100 toddlers residing in Sekaran and Bandarharjo Health Centers, Semarang City. The sampling technique employed was purposive sampling, and data analysis was conducted using univariate analysis with frequency distribution, bivariate analysis with the Pearson statistical test or Spearman Rank correlation (α = 5%), and multivariate analysis with logistic regression. Results: Approximately 35.8% of children had been provided with sweetened condensed milk for no less than twelve months, while 41.2% were reported to consume it three or more times within a single day. The elevated intake of sweetened condensed milk observed in this study demonstrated a statistically significant correlation with lower maternal educational attainment (p = 0.028). Notably, although 51.0% of surveyed mothers acknowledged that sweetened condensed milk is a sugar-laden beverage with added milk content, it is still administered to toddlers. Conclusions: In conclusion, despite over half of mothers recognizing sweetened condensed milk as a sugar-rich beverage with added milk, its frequent administration to toddlers—often three or more times daily and sustained for over a year—is significantly associated with lower maternal education levels, highlighting a critical gap in nutritional awareness and practice. The consumption of sweetened condensed milk among toddlers remains relatively high, and this elevated intake is influenced by maternal education

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  • State University of Semarang
  • Universitas Kusuma Husada Surakarta
  • University of Leeds
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Dyah Maulida FitrianiState University of Semarang1
Phinta RhodellaState University of Semarang1
Gadis Karima Sekar NiesaState University of Semarang1
Mardiana MardianaState University of Semarang1
Safira Chairani DimartiState University of Semarang1
Safrina OksidriyaniState University of Semarang1
Ula Saza Bayli RsyadState University of Semarang1
Miftahul FaizinState University of Semarang1
Anastu Regita NareswaraUniversity of Leeds1
Erinda Nur PratiwiUniversitas Kusuma Husada Surakarta1
Erlyn HapsariUniversitas Kusuma Husada Surakarta1
Christiani Bumi PangestiUniversitas Kusuma Husada Surakarta1
Puji AfiatnaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Indri MulyasariAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Happy Risa PutriUniversitas Kusuma Husada Surakarta1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jhealthedu/oai, pertama di-harvest 6 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Behavioral and  Social  Factors Influencing Sweetened Condensed  Milk Consumption in Toddlers in Semarang</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mardiana</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Setyaningsih, Aryanti </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Rokhmah, Farida Dwi </dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">behavior</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">social</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">sweetened  condensed milk</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">toddler</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Background: Continuous consumption of sweetened condensed milk can inhibit the optimal growth and development of children aged 1-3 years. These consumption habits in toddlers impact their nutritional status, including the risk of being overweight, obese, and undernourished. This study aims to determine the determinants of sweetened condensed milk consumption in toddlers from a behavioral and social perspective in the Sekaran and Bandarharjo Health Center Area, Semarang City. Methods: This study employs quantitative research with observational and analytical methods, utilizing cross-sectional approaches. The respondents in this study were 100 toddlers residing in Sekaran and Bandarharjo Health Centers, Semarang City. The sampling technique employed was purposive sampling, and data analysis was conducted using univariate analysis with frequency distribution, bivariate analysis with the Pearson statistical test or Spearman Rank correlation (α = 5%), and multivariate analysis with logistic regression. Results: Approximately 35.8% of children had been provided with sweetened condensed milk for no less than twelve months, while 41.2% were reported to consume it three or more times within a single day. The elevated intake of sweetened condensed milk observed in this study demonstrated a statistically significant correlation with lower maternal educational attainment (p = 0.028). Notably, although 51.0% of surveyed mothers acknowledged that sweetened condensed milk is a sugar-laden beverage with added milk content, it is still administered to toddlers. Conclusions: In conclusion, despite over half of mothers recognizing sweetened condensed milk as a sugar-rich beverage with added milk, its frequent administration to toddlers—often three or more times daily and sustained for over a year—is significantly associated with lower maternal education levels, highlighting a critical gap in nutritional awareness and practice. The consumption of sweetened condensed milk among toddlers remains relatively high, and this elevated intake is influenced by maternal education</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-12-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jhealthedu/article/view/33909</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jhealthedu.v10i2.33909</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Journal of Health Education; Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025); 123-133</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2528-2905</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2527-4252</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jhealthedu.v10i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jhealthedu/article/view/33909/7694</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Health Education</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>