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Optimization and Comparison of Linear and Curved Cone Contraction Designs Using the CFD Method for the Development of a Two-Dimensional Low-Subsonic Wind Tunnel

Jurnal Inovasi Mesin · Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026) · hlm. 28–40

DOI
10.15294/jim.v8i1.32000
ISSN
2746-7694
Terbit
2026-04-30
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

The geometry design of the contraction cone plays an important role in determining the flow performance in a subsonic wind tunnel. This study aims to examine and compare two forms of contraction cone design, namely the linear model and the polynomial curve, in the development of a two-dimensional Low Subsonic Wind tunnel using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation method. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of geometric shapes on velocity distribution, flow uniformity, and aerodynamic performance in the test chamber. Simulations were carried out using ANSYS Fluent software with the k-ω SST turbulence model, and the NACA 4412 airfoil was used as a test object to observe the aerodynamic forces. The simulation results show that the contraction cone with the polynomial curve design produces a more uniform flow, higher speed, and a better lift coefficient (Cl) than the linear design. In addition, the curve design is also able to suppress flow disturbances such as flow separation and boundary layer effects. Based on these findings, the contraction cone with a polynomial curve profile is more recommended for application in a two-dimensional subsonic wind tunnel to improve the efficiency and accuracy of aerodynamic testing.

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  • State University of Semarang
  • Universitas Stikubank
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Deni Fajar FitriyanaAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Yeri SutopoAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Muhammad KhumaediAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Sri Endah WahyuningsihAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Januar Parlaungan SiregarAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
WahyudiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
SukarniAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Adhi KusumastutiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Widya AryadiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Karnowo KarnowoAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Kriswanto KriswantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Rusiyanto RusiyantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Ulfah Mediaty AriefState University of Semarang2
Eko SupraptonoAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Dwi WidjanarkoAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Amalia ShofiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Agita Ainur RizqiyahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Haryadi HaryadiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dony Hidayat Al-JananAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Febrian Arif BudimanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Agus PrasetyoUniversitas Stikubank1
Risky IsmailAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
A. P. BayusenoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Muhammad AfrizalAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Al Ichlas ImranAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Janviter ManaluAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
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Sonika MaulanaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Muhammad Ziddun Ni’amAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
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Indra Nurul HidayatAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jim/oai, pertama di-harvest 6 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Optimization and Comparison of Linear and Curved Cone Contraction Designs Using the CFD Method for the Development of a Two-Dimensional Low-Subsonic Wind Tunnel</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ahmada, Sulthan Dzaki</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Firmansyah, Hendrix Noviyanto</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Anis, Samsudin</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Wind tunnel</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">CFD </dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Contraction cone</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Flow</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Aerodynamics</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">The geometry design of the contraction cone plays an important role in determining the flow performance in a subsonic wind tunnel. This study aims to examine and compare two forms of contraction cone design, namely the linear model and the polynomial curve, in the development of a two-dimensional Low Subsonic Wind tunnel using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation method. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of geometric shapes on velocity distribution, flow uniformity, and aerodynamic performance in the test chamber. Simulations were carried out using ANSYS Fluent software with the k-ω SST turbulence model, and the NACA 4412 airfoil was used as a test object to observe the aerodynamic forces. The simulation results show that the contraction cone with the polynomial curve design produces a more uniform flow, higher speed, and a better lift coefficient (Cl) than the linear design. In addition, the curve design is also able to suppress flow disturbances such as flow separation and boundary layer effects. Based on these findings, the contraction cone with a polynomial curve profile is more recommended for application in a two-dimensional subsonic wind tunnel to improve the efficiency and accuracy of aerodynamic testing.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-04-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jim/article/view/32000</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jim.v8i1.32000</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Inovasi Mesin; Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): APRIL 2026; 28-40</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2746-7694</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jim.v8i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jim/article/view/32000/9460</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Inovasi Mesin</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>