Melola Discovery

← Melola Discovery

Akses terbuka Jurnal

Hybrid Model of Personal Data Protection for Consumers in Digital MSMEs: A Comparative Study of Indonesian and China Regulations

Journal of Law and Legal Reform · Vol. 6 No. 4 (2025) · hlm. 2015–2058

DOI
10.15294/jllr.v6i4.22388
ISSN
2715-0968, 2715-0941
Terbit
2025-10-30
Penerbit
Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstrak

The protection of consumers’ personal data in digital MSME (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) businesses poses a significant challenge in the era of digital transformation, particularly amid the rising cases of data breaches in Indonesia. Although Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection (PDP Law) has come into effect, its implementation still faces numerous obstacles, especially for MSMEs that are limited in terms of resources and technological understanding. By comparison, China, through its Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL), enforces strict supervision combined with AI-driven compliance technologies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of personal data protection frameworks in Indonesia and China and to propose a hybrid model that integrates government regulations with technological solutions. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and comparative law approaches, relying on secondary data such as regulations, academic journals, and policy documents. The findings indicate that adopting a hybrid model for the protection of consumers’ personal data in digital MSME businesses could serve as an effective solution. This model merges a compliance-based approach, as adopted under Indonesia’s PDP Law, with the strict oversight mechanisms implemented under China’s PIPL. By adapting mechanisms such as mandatory registration, periodic audits, and technology-based compliance incentives, Indonesia could enhance transparency, accountability, and data security within its digital MSME ecosystem.

Kata kunci

Jaringan kolaborasi para penulis

16 penulis · 32 tautan kepenulisan bersama · 2 lintas organisasi

Arahkan kursor atau ketuk sebuah nama untuk menyorot rekan penulisnya. Klik dua kali untuk membuka halaman penulis.

  • Padjadjaran University
  • Universitas Pattimura
  • State University of Semarang
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Organisasi berbeda
  • Organisasi sama
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Garis lebih tebal = lebih banyak artikel bersama · lingkaran lebih besar = lebih banyak artikel
Tampilkan sebagai tabel
Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Teng BerliantyUniversitas Pattimura3
Souad Ahmed EzzeroualiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Anita AfrianaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Anisha Desiliana RestiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ronald SaijaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Etty MulyatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ragga BimantaraAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ridwan ArifinState University of Semarang1
Fadhel Arjuna AdindaPadjadjaran University1
Souad EzzeroualiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Eman SuparmanPadjadjaran University1
Putri AnggiaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jllr/oai, pertama di-harvest 6 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Hybrid Model of Personal Data Protection for Consumers in Digital MSMEs: A Comparative Study of Indonesian and China Regulations</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Hetharie, Yosia</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ikhwansyah, Isis</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Rahmawati, Ema</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Soplantila, Valentino Dinatra</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Model Hybrid</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Personal Data Protection</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Consumer</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Digital MSMEs</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">The protection of consumers’ personal data in digital MSME (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) businesses poses a significant challenge in the era of digital transformation, particularly amid the rising cases of data breaches in Indonesia. Although Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection (PDP Law) has come into effect, its implementation still faces numerous obstacles, especially for MSMEs that are limited in terms of resources and technological understanding. By comparison, China, through its Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL), enforces strict supervision combined with AI-driven compliance technologies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of personal data protection frameworks in Indonesia and China and to propose a hybrid model that integrates government regulations with technological solutions. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and comparative law approaches, relying on secondary data such as regulations, academic journals, and policy documents. The findings indicate that adopting a hybrid model for the protection of consumers’ personal data in digital MSME businesses could serve as an effective solution. This model merges a compliance-based approach, as adopted under Indonesia’s PDP Law, with the strict oversight mechanisms implemented under China’s PIPL. By adapting mechanisms such as mandatory registration, periodic audits, and technology-based compliance incentives, Indonesia could enhance transparency, accountability, and data security within its digital MSME ecosystem.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-10-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jllr/article/view/22388</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jllr.v6i4.22388</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Journal of Law and Legal Reform; Vol. 6 No. 4 (2025): October, 2025; 2015-2058</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2715-0968</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2715-0941</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jllr.v6i4</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jllr/article/view/22388/6589</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Yosia Hetharie, Isis Ikhwansyah, Ema Rahmawati, Valentino Dinatra Soplantila (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>