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Deferred Prosecution Agreements in Indonesian Village Fund Corruption: Balancing Legal Certainty and Public Benefit

Journal of Law and Legal Reform · Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026) · hlm. 903–950

DOI
10.15294/jllr.v7i2.33466
ISSN
2715-0968, 2715-0941
Terbit
2026-04-30
Penerbit
Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstrak

This article employs a normative and comparative legal approach to analyze the legal challenges in addressing village fund corruption cases in Indonesia through the criminal justice system. In practice, prosecuting small-scale cases has prioritized legal certainty but has imposed disproportionate financial and temporal costs compared to the modest value of the offenses. Lengthy trials that end in criminal punishment undermine the cost–benefit principle in criminal justice process and conflict with the ideals of a swift, simple, and low-cost judicial process. Moreover, such proceedings often fail to restore state financial losses effectively. The novelty of this study lies in the proposed threshold-based Deferred Prosecution Agreement (DPA) model, specifically designed to address cases of village fund corruption with limited financial losses. This study argues that resolving village fund corruption outside the courtroom, with a primary focus on restitution of state losses and active involvement of relevant stakeholders, offers greater benefits. Such an approach would better serve the state and society as victims, while also addressing the rehabilitation of offenders. Yet out-of-court settlement mechanisms currently lack a clear statutory basis, creating legal uncertainty in their application. A legal breakthrough is therefore needed by providing explicit regulation for alternative mechanism to resolve village fund corruption. One viable model is the DPAs, which enable prosecutors to suspend criminal proceedings in exchange for restitution, fines, or corrective measures. This study proposes incorporating the DPA model into Indonesia’s anti-corruption framework for cases involving losses of less than 150 million rupiah. Such reform would not only close the legal gap but also enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of efforts to recover state losses from small-scale village fund corruption.

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  • Universitas Jambi
  • International University of Batam
  • Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta
  • University of Szeged
  • Asia University
  • The University of Melbourne
  • University of Pecs
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Sahuri LasmadiUniversitas Jambi8
Nys. ArfaUniversitas Jambi8
Yordan GunawanMuhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta5
Mohammad Hazyar ArumbinangThe University of Melbourne5
Dheny WahyudhiUniversitas Jambi3
Dessy RakhmawatiUniversitas Jambi3
Muh Endriyo SusilaMuhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta2
Herry LiyusUniversitas Jambi2
Dheny WahyudiUniversitas Jambi2
Usman UsmanUniversitas Jambi2
Elizabeth SiregarUniversitas Jambi2
Yulia MonitaUniversitas Jambi2
Maulidina SariUniversitas Jambi1
Nova Bela DhytaUniversitas Jambi1
Ahmad Sholihin MuttaqinUniversitas Jambi1
Try HardyanthiUniversity of Pecs1
Shu-Mei TangAsia University1
Wahyudi UmarUniversitas Muhammadiyah Kendari1
Rofi Aulia RahmanUniversity of Szeged1
Shelvi RusdianaInternational University of Batam1
Ampuan SitumeangInternational University of Batam1
Windi AfdalInternational University of Batam1
Winsherly TanInternational University of Batam1
Ming-Hsi SungAsia University1
Dwilani IrryntaMuhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta1
Erwin ErwinUniversitas Jambi1
Umar HasanUniversitas Jambi1
Sri RahayuUniversity of Brawijaya1
Sri Lestari RahayuState University of Malang1
Listiana ListianaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
M. Alvi Rizki IlahiUniversitas Jambi1
M. Hadhri NurUniversitas Jambi1
Desi RatnasariUniversitas Jambi1
Tri Nada SariUniversitas Jambi1
Syarah AnnisaUniversitas Jambi1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jllr/oai, pertama di-harvest 6 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Deferred Prosecution Agreements in Indonesian Village Fund Corruption: Balancing Legal Certainty and Public Benefit</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sudarti, Elly</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Usman, Usman</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Salim, Andi Agus</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Lestari, Riana Devi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Anggriawan, Rizaldy</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Deferred Prosecution Agreements (DPAs)</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Village Fund Corruption</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Legal Certainty</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Public Benefit</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">This article employs a normative and comparative legal approach to analyze the legal challenges in addressing village fund corruption cases in Indonesia through the criminal justice system. In practice, prosecuting small-scale cases has prioritized legal certainty but has imposed disproportionate financial and temporal costs compared to the modest value of the offenses. Lengthy trials that end in criminal punishment undermine the cost–benefit principle in criminal justice process and conflict with the ideals of a swift, simple, and low-cost judicial process. Moreover, such proceedings often fail to restore state financial losses effectively. The novelty of this study lies in the proposed threshold-based Deferred Prosecution Agreement (DPA) model, specifically designed to address cases of village fund corruption with limited financial losses. This study argues that resolving village fund corruption outside the courtroom, with a primary focus on restitution of state losses and active involvement of relevant stakeholders, offers greater benefits. Such an approach would better serve the state and society as victims, while also addressing the rehabilitation of offenders. Yet out-of-court settlement mechanisms currently lack a clear statutory basis, creating legal uncertainty in their application. A legal breakthrough is therefore needed by providing explicit regulation for alternative mechanism to resolve village fund corruption. One viable model is the DPAs, which enable prosecutors to suspend criminal proceedings in exchange for restitution, fines, or corrective measures. This study proposes incorporating the DPA model into Indonesia’s anti-corruption framework for cases involving losses of less than 150 million rupiah. Such reform would not only close the legal gap but also enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of efforts to recover state losses from small-scale village fund corruption.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-04-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jllr/article/view/33466</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jllr.v7i2.33466</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Journal of Law and Legal Reform; Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): April, 2026; 903-950</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2715-0968</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2715-0941</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jllr.v7i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jllr/article/view/33466/9504</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Elly Sudarti, Usman Usman, Andi Agus Salim, Riana Devi Lestari, Rizaldy Anggriawan (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>