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Energy Consumption and Efficiency Optimization in Freeze Drying of Fruits and Vegetables: A Review

Journal of Clean Technology · Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025) · hlm. 57–68

DOI
10.15294/joct.v2i1.28102
ISSN
2460-9811, 2460-8874
Terbit
2025-06-24
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0

Abstrak

Fruits and vegetables are essential for global nutrition and economic growth, yet they are among the most perishable food commodities, contributing to major postharvest losses worldwide. Freeze drying is widely recognized as a superior preservation method that maintains the structural integrity, nutritional value, and sensory quality of fresh produce. Despite its advantages, freeze drying is energy-intensive, posing challenges for cost-effectiveness and sustainability in large-scale applications. This review explores the freeze drying process in detail, highlighting the critical operational parameters such as freezing rate, chamber pressure, shelf temperature, and sample thickness, that influence both product quality and energy consumption. Additionally, the role of cryoprotectants in preserving bioactive compounds during drying is discussed. By identifying optimization strategies for these parameters, this study aims to support the development of more energy-efficient and economically viable freeze drying systems for the fruit and vegetable processing industry.

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/joct/oai, pertama di-harvest 6 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Energy Consumption and Efficiency Optimization in Freeze Drying of Fruits and Vegetables: A Review</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Zudana, Kirana</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Wahyuni, Fitri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Putri, Sheila</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Lestari, Yuniar</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Freeze Drying</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Fruit</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Vegetable</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Energy Consumption</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Efficiency Optimization</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Fruits and vegetables are essential for global nutrition and economic growth, yet they are among the most perishable food commodities, contributing to major postharvest losses worldwide. Freeze drying is widely recognized as a superior preservation method that maintains the structural integrity, nutritional value, and sensory quality of fresh produce. Despite its advantages, freeze drying is energy-intensive, posing challenges for cost-effectiveness and sustainability in large-scale applications. This review explores the freeze drying process in detail, highlighting the critical operational parameters such as freezing rate, chamber pressure, shelf temperature, and sample thickness, that influence both product quality and energy consumption. Additionally, the role of cryoprotectants in preserving bioactive compounds during drying is discussed. By identifying optimization strategies for these parameters, this study aims to support the development of more energy-efficient and economically viable freeze drying systems for the fruit and vegetable processing industry.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-06-24</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/joct/article/view/28102</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/joct.v2i1.28102</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Journal of Clean Technology; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): February 2025; 57-68</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2460-9811</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2460-8874</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/joct.v2i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/joct/article/view/28102/4550</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Kirana Maharani Zudana, Fitri Wahyuni, Sheila Azzahra Putri, Yuniar Nanda Lestari (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>