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Work-Related Factors and Individual Characteristics on Asthenopia Symptoms among “Pecanting Batik” Workers in Klaten, Indonesia

Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat · Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025) · hlm. 697–704

DOI
10.15294/kemas.v20i4.11303
ISSN
2355-3596, 1858-1196
Terbit
2025-07-28
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

Astenopia is associated with close work, such as blurred vision, diplopia, dry eyes, and headaches. The incidence of asthenopia is quite common among workers who perform intensive visual tasks. The goal is to analyze the risk factors that are most related to astenopia complaints. This type of observational research with a cross sectional study design was conducted in July 2024 on 155 batik canters in 45 batik-making home industries in Jarum Village, Klaten Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Variables were measured using a general questionnaire containing questions on age, length of service, length of work, and length of rest. In addition, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire is used to measure sleep quality. The worker's awkward posture was measured using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment Worksheet. And the distance to see the object is measured using the JOYKO brand 30cm Butterfly Iron Ruler between the object and the worker's eyes. The Visual Fatigue Index (VFI) questionnaire was used to measure astenopia complaints. The analysis of bivariate data with spearman rank and multivariate correlation was used multiple linear regression test. The results of this study showed that the majority of respondents were 44,368 years old on average, felt that their sleep quality was not good and had been working as a batik maker ≥ 10 years. And the risk factors most related to astenopia complaints are sleep quality (p=0.000), age (p=0.001), and working period (p=0.019).

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  • Diponegoro University
  • Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
  • Mulawarman University
  • Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • State University of Medan
  • Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Dina Lusiana SetyowatiMulawarman University9
Hanifa Maher DennyDiponegoro University8
Bina KurniawanDiponegoro University4
Chriswardani SuryawatiDiponegoro University4
M. Zen RahfiludinDiponegoro University3
Ekawati EkawatiDiponegoro University3
Nurjazuli NurjazuliDiponegoro University2
Ida WahyuniDiponegoro University2
Siswi JayantiDiponegoro University2
Eli SahirohDiponegoro University2
Suroto SurotoDiponegoro University2
Adi Heru HusodoUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Muhammad Ahsan SiddiquiSir Syed University of Engineering and Technology2
Muhammad Ashraf FauziUniversiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah2
Chiswardani SuryawatiDiponegoro University2
Zen RahfiludinDiponegoro University1
Nurul FadhilahDiponegoro University1
Sri WinarniDiponegoro University1
Sheila Mufida AriyantiUniversitas Muhammadiyah Semarang1
Diki Bima PrasetioUniversitas Muhammadiyah Semarang1
Fakhria MaulidaDiponegoro University1
Nurul Fidinia HijahDiponegoro University1
Sri WinarniDiponegoro University1
Nurul FadhilahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Kusworo AdiDiponegoro University1
Dyah Dewi HastutiDiponegoro University1
Suroto SurotoUniversitas Negeri Surabaya1
Dwi CahyaningrumDiponegoro University1
Qoni Mulia SagitaDiponegoro University1
Sulistiyani SulistiyaniDiponegoro University1
Susi IravatiUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Zahroh ShaluhiyahDiponegoro University1
Indwiani AstutiUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Ida WahyuniState University of Medan1
Afifah Salsabilla IstisyaDiponegoro University1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/kemas/oai, pertama di-harvest 6 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Work-Related Factors and Individual Characteristics on Asthenopia Symptoms among “Pecanting Batik” Workers in Klaten, Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Astutik, Risa Septi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Setyaningsih, Yuliani</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Lestantyo, Daru</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Astenopia</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Batik</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Individual Characteristics</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sleep Quality</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Work-Related</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Astenopia is associated with close work, such as blurred vision, diplopia, dry eyes, and headaches. The incidence of asthenopia is quite common among workers who perform intensive visual tasks. The goal is to analyze the risk factors that are most related to astenopia complaints. This type of observational research with a cross sectional study design was conducted in July 2024 on 155 batik canters in 45 batik-making home industries in Jarum Village, Klaten Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Variables were measured using a general questionnaire containing questions on age, length of service, length of work, and length of rest. In addition, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire is used to measure sleep quality. The worker's awkward posture was measured using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment Worksheet. And the distance to see the object is measured using the JOYKO brand 30cm Butterfly Iron Ruler between the object and the worker's eyes. The Visual Fatigue Index (VFI) questionnaire was used to measure astenopia complaints. The analysis of bivariate data with spearman rank and multivariate correlation was used multiple linear regression test. The results of this study showed that the majority of respondents were 44,368 years old on average, felt that their sleep quality was not good and had been working as a batik maker ≥ 10 years. And the risk factors most related to astenopia complaints are sleep quality (p=0.000), age (p=0.001), and working period (p=0.019).
 </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-07-28</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/kemas/article/view/11303</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/kemas.v20i4.11303</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat; Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025); 697-704</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2355-3596</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1858-1196</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/kemas.v20i4</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/kemas/article/view/11303/5138</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>