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Stunting among Under‐Five Children in Semarang Regency: Evidence from a Case–Control Study on Maternal KAP, Sanitation, and Early Feeding

Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat · Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026) · hlm. 79–88

DOI
10.15294/kemas.v22i1.40103
ISSN
2355-3596, 1858-1196
Terbit
2026-09-26
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

Stunting is a significant public health issue with enduring impacts on cognitive development, productivity, and susceptibility to chronic diseases.This study aimed to identify and quantify determinants of stunting among children aged 6–59 months in Semarang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia, through a case–control study design. A total of 251 children (49 stunted cases and 202 controls) aged 6–59 months were enrolled between September and October 2024 from two purposively selected primary health centers in Semarang Regency. Data included biological, environmental, and maternal knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) variables. Chi-square tests were used for bivariate analysis, and variables with p<0.25 were included in a multivariable logistic regression model. Associations were quantified using adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Bivariate analysis indicated that diarrheal infection, short birth length, lack of exclusive breastfeeding, poor sanitation, inadequate feeding practices, low maternal knowledge, negative maternal attitudes, and poor preventive behaviors were significantly associated with increased odds of stunting (p<0.05). Multivariable analysis revealed that negative maternal attitude had the strongest association with stunting (AOR=2.4; 95% CI: 1.2–4.6), alongside other independently associated factors. These findings suggest that stunting in Semarang Regency is shaped by interconnected biological, environmental, and psychosocial factors. Interventions should integrate behavior change communication and WASH improvements with nutrition-specific actions. Results should be interpreted as associative, not causal, due to the case–control study design.

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  • State University of Semarang
  • Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
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  • Organisasi berbeda
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Lina HandayaniUniversitas Ahmad Dahlan3
Rochana RuliyandariAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Ratu MatahariAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Najib NajibAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Dina Lusiana SetyowatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Alfan AfandiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Irwan BudiyonoAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
SolikahAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Karlina KarlinaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Alya Asyura WijayaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Budi Dewi SalfanaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Khairunnisaa Nuur Aliifah SetyawatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Widya Hary CahyatiState University of Semarang1
Eka Radiyani OktaviaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Fatehah Rahma AgustinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nandito Mapian MagaiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Alfian Nisa RokhimahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Devi Purnama SariAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Oktavia NurlailaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Puji PranowowatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nanik WijayatiState University of Semarang1
Samuel Budi Wardana KusumaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Astriya HidayahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Kartika Dian PertiwiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dwi Sarwani Sri` RejekiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dwita DarmawatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dyah SusantiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Muhammad Zaenuri Syamsu HidayatAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Lafi MuniraAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Triani MarwatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Siti Kurnia Widi HastutiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Agianto AgiantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Yulius TirandaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Khanitta NuntabootAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Cahyu SeptiwiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/kemas/oai, pertama di-harvest 6 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Stunting among Under‐Five Children in Semarang Regency: Evidence from a Case–Control Study on Maternal KAP, Sanitation, and Early Feeding</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Widyawati, Sigit Ambar</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Yuliaji Siswanto</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Kustiyono</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Solikhah, Solikhah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Monthida Sangruangake</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Stunting; Case-control study; Maternal attitudes; Exclusive breastfeeding; Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH); Indonesia; Child health</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Stunting is a significant public health issue with enduring impacts on cognitive development, productivity, and susceptibility to chronic diseases.This study aimed to identify and quantify determinants of stunting among children aged 6–59 months in Semarang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia, through a case–control study design. A total of 251 children (49 stunted cases and 202 controls) aged 6–59 months were enrolled between September and October 2024 from two purposively selected primary health centers in Semarang Regency. Data included biological, environmental, and maternal knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) variables. Chi-square tests were used for bivariate analysis, and variables with p&amp;lt;0.25 were included in a multivariable logistic regression model. Associations were quantified using adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Bivariate analysis indicated that diarrheal infection, short birth length, lack of exclusive breastfeeding, poor sanitation, inadequate feeding practices, low maternal knowledge, negative maternal attitudes, and poor preventive behaviors were significantly associated with increased odds of stunting (p&amp;lt;0.05). Multivariable analysis revealed that negative maternal attitude had the strongest association with stunting (AOR=2.4; 95% CI: 1.2–4.6), alongside other independently associated factors. These findings suggest that stunting in Semarang Regency is shaped by interconnected biological, environmental, and psychosocial factors. Interventions should integrate behavior change communication and WASH improvements with nutrition-specific actions. Results should be interpreted as associative, not causal, due to the case–control study design.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-09-26</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/kemas/article/view/40103</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/kemas.v22i1.40103</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat; Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026); 79 - 88</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2355-3596</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1858-1196</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/kemas.v22i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/kemas/article/view/40103/11513</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>