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Navigating Bureaucratic Hurdles: Fostering an FTZ-minded Investment Climate in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand

Lex Scientia Law Review · Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026) · hlm. 759–788

DOI
10.15294/lslr.v10i2.36950
ISSN
2598-9685, 2598-9677
Terbit
2026-10-14
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand are reported to foster regional and international cooperation, as well as compete in attracting domestic and international investments, particularly within the context of FTZs. Bureaucratic hurdles remain the biggest issues responsible for stifling investment growth, which contrasts with the nature of FTZs and the designation as areas for rapid economic growth. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the normative and consequential structural issues that plague the three countries. A normative legal comparative approach was adopted. The diverse analyses carried out showed a range of divergent bureaucratic hurdles that the three countries encountered. Indonesia's Batam suffered from institutional dualism, creating legal uncertainty in land rights. Malaysia's Port Klang encountered procedural fragmentation across uncoordinated agencies, and Thailand's EEC achieved efficiency but lacked transparency in discretionary incentive processes. As a result, significant recommendations designed to suit the issues of each country were proposed to help minimize bureaucratic hurdles and reduce the implications, for the purpose of attracting more investments and supporting more rapid economic growth.

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40 penulis · 101 tautan kepenulisan bersama · 41 lintas organisasi · menampilkan 40 yang paling banyak terhubung

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  • International University of Batam
  • Diponegoro University
  • Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta
  • Universiti Teknologi MARA
  • Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
  • Universiti Putra Malaysia
  • Polytechnic University of the Philippines
  • Organisasi lain
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Organisasi berbeda
  • Organisasi sama
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Garis lebih tebal = lebih banyak artikel bersama · lingkaran lebih besar = lebih banyak artikel
Tampilkan sebagai tabel
Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Rufinus Hotmaulana HutaurukInternational University of Batam7
David TanInternational University of Batam6
Emiliya FebriyaniInternational University of Batam6
Nurlaily NurlailyInternational University of Batam6
Sholahuddin Al-FatihUniversitas Muhammadiyah Malang4
Shelvi RusdianaInternational University of Batam3
Henry Soelistyo BudiPelita Harapan University3
Jihyun H. ParkYoungsan University3
Paramita PrananingtyasDiponegoro University2
Ampuan SitumeangInternational University of Batam2
David TanInternational University of Batam2
Abdurrakhman AlhakimInternational University of Batam2
Ratih AnggrainiInternational University of Batam2
Dame Afrina SihombingInternational University of Batam2
Angel TngInternational University of Batam1
Syukri KurniawanDiponegoro University1
Ani PurwantiDiponegoro University1
Farahdilah GhazaliUniversiti Putra Malaysia1
Jonathan P. BinaluyoPolytechnic University of the Philippines1
Erika Emilia PutriInternational University of Batam1
Tantimin TantiminInternational University of Batam1
Nur Rohim YunusSyarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta1
Asep Syarifuddin HidayatSyarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta1
Andi Salman MaggalatungSyarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta1
Paramita PrananingtyasAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Angkat Poenta PratamaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nur RochaetiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Giofanni Dian NovikaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nyoman Serikat Putra JayaDiponegoro University1
Wahida AzahrahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Barda Nawawi AriefAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Virginia GarciaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Denis Oxy HandikaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ninik ZakiyahDiponegoro University1
Konstantin GubanovBaikal State University1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/lslr/oai, pertama di-harvest 6 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Navigating Bureaucratic Hurdles: Fostering an FTZ-minded Investment Climate in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sudirman, Lu</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Bajury, Mimi Sintia Mohd</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Silviani, Ninne Zahara</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Disemadi, Hari Sutra</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Hassan, Rafizah Abu</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Investment</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Free Trade Zone</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Bureaucratic Hurdles</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Regulatory Reforms</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand are reported to foster regional and international cooperation, as well as compete in attracting domestic and international investments, particularly within the context of FTZs. Bureaucratic hurdles remain the biggest issues responsible for stifling investment growth, which contrasts with the nature of FTZs and the designation as areas for rapid economic growth. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the normative and consequential structural issues that plague the three countries. A normative legal comparative approach was adopted. The diverse analyses carried out showed a range of divergent bureaucratic hurdles that the three countries encountered. Indonesia's Batam suffered from institutional dualism, creating legal uncertainty in land rights. Malaysia's Port Klang encountered procedural fragmentation across uncoordinated agencies, and Thailand's EEC achieved efficiency but lacked transparency in discretionary incentive processes. As a result, significant recommendations designed to suit the issues of each country were proposed to help minimize bureaucratic hurdles and reduce the implications, for the purpose of attracting more investments and supporting more rapid economic growth.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-10-14</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/lslr/article/view/36950</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/lslr.v10i2.36950</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Lex Scientia Law Review; Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): November, 2026; 759-788</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2598-9685</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2598-9677</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/lslr.v10i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/lslr/article/view/36950/11728</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Lu Sudirman, Mimi Sintia Mohd Bajury, Ninne Zahara Silviani, Hari Sutra Disemadi, Rafizah Abu Hassan (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>