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Digital Protractor Integration in PhET Simulation for Proving Snell's Law in Mirror Geometric Optics: An Exploratory Study and Measuring Conceptual Understanding

Physics Communication · Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025) · hlm. 83–93

DOI
10.15294/pc.v9i2.30349
ISSN
2528-598X, 2528-5971
Terbit
2025-08-08
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

Technological developments are driving the transformation of science learning, including physics, from conventional to digital-based approaches. This study examines the use of a digital protractor in PhET simulations to verify Snell's Law (the law of reflection, θ₁ = θ₂) in geometric optics involving mirrors (plane, concave, and convex). This study aims to explore the innovation of digital protractor integration as a tool in PhET simulations on geometric optics, while also examining its implications as a learning aid for prospective physics teachers. This study is motivated by the challenges of abstracting optics material and the demands of STEM implementation in the Merdeka Curriculum. Employing a descriptive qualitative method with 15 physics students, the research found that this integration improves conceptual understanding despite technical issues such as inaccurate protractor placement and normal line errors. Data analysis confirmed Snell’s Law compliance, though success rates varied with procedural complexity. Students praised the dynamic visualization and efficiency but noted limitations, such as over-idealization. The results advocate for a blended learning approach, combining digital tools with traditional lab work to optimize optics education.

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  • State University of Semarang
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Wahyu HardyantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Ellianawati EllianawatiState University of Semarang3
Isa AkhlisState University of Semarang2
Teguh DarsonoAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Sulhadi SulhadiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Bambang Eko SusiloState University of Semarang2
Trida Ridho FarizState University of Semarang2
Sri SukaesihState University of Semarang2
Aditya MariantiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Virgania SariAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Nuni WidiartiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Sugiyanto SugiyantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Putut MarwotoState University of Semarang1
M. Faris Al HakimAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Karista Gadis SetiyandaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
M. Faris Al HakimAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Faith Miftah MaulanaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Arief BudhimanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Celfien Septian Widya PratamaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
ListiyantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Hartono HartonoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Listiyanto ListiyantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Siti MuhafidhohAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Muhammad Syarif HidayatAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Wahyu DefitasariAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dian Wulan SariAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Pratiwi DwijanantiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Gilang RamadhanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Unes Satuz ZahroAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ngurah Made Dharma PutraAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nurul ShofiaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Destin SuslianaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Rizki Firda AmaliaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Shiva IrfanaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Upik NurbaitiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Marosyana Ayu FebrianiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Muhammad Fiqhi MahfuddinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Teuku FauziAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/pc/oai, pertama di-harvest 6 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 6 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Digital Protractor Integration in PhET Simulation for Proving Snell's Law in Mirror Geometric Optics: An Exploratory Study and Measuring Conceptual Understanding</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Najmah Nur Kamilah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Siti Wahyuni</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Snell's Law</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">PhET Simulation</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Geometric Optics</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Conceptual Understanding</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Technological developments are driving the transformation of science learning, including physics, from conventional to digital-based approaches. This study examines the use of a digital protractor in PhET simulations to verify Snell's Law (the law of reflection, θ₁ = θ₂) in geometric optics involving mirrors (plane, concave, and convex). This study aims to explore the innovation of digital protractor integration as a tool in PhET simulations on geometric optics, while also examining its implications as a learning aid for prospective physics teachers. This study is motivated by the challenges of abstracting optics material and the demands of STEM implementation in the Merdeka Curriculum. Employing a descriptive qualitative method with 15 physics students, the research found that this integration improves conceptual understanding despite technical issues such as inaccurate protractor placement and normal line errors. Data analysis confirmed Snell’s Law compliance, though success rates varied with procedural complexity. Students praised the dynamic visualization and efficiency but noted limitations, such as over-idealization. The results advocate for a blended learning approach, combining digital tools with traditional lab work to optimize optics education.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-08-08</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/pc/article/view/30349</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/pc.v9i2.30349</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Physics Communication; Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): August 2025; 83-93</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2528-598X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2528-5971</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/pc.v9i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/pc/article/view/30349/5690</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Physics Communication</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>