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Trends and Developments in Fitness Test Research: A Scopus Bibliometric Analysis

ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation · Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026) · hlm. 1300–1315

DOI
10.15294/active.v15i2.54367
ISSN
2460-724X, 2252-6773
Terbit
2026-07-26
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

The evaluation of physical fitness is a core element of sport science, clinical exercise physiology and population health surveillance but a comprehensive bibliometric synthesis of the recent global trend is missing. The present study aims to describe the productivity, intellectual structure, and thematic evolution of the research on fitness tests published between 2015 and 2026. A total of 5,766 peer-reviewed articles indexed in the Scopus database (Elsevier) were retrieved with the search string TITLE-ABS-KEY ("fitness test" OR "physical fitness test" OR "exercise test"). The articles were analysed through performance analysis and science mapping with Bibliometrix R-package (Biblioshiny), VOSviewer 1.6.20, and Microsoft Excel, following the protocol of (Aria & Cuccurullo, 2017; Donthu et al., 2021). The dataset included 92,894 citations (mean = 16.11; median = 7.00) from 1,134 source journals. The annual scientific production increased from 380 documents in 2015 to a maximum of 691 documents in 2024, with a 3-year moving average that indicates a sustained acceleration after 2020. The top contributing countries were: United States (n = 1,168), United Kingdom (n = 782), and Brazil (n = 580). Lotka’s law was confirmed (n ≈ 3.24), with a very skewed distribution of productivity; Bradford’s law identified 15 core journals, accounting for 34.1% of all output. Co-occurrence analysis of author keywords resulted in five thematic clusters: General Exercise & Fitness, Cardiorespiratory & Performance, Athletic Performance & Training, Health Aging & Body, and Methodological. Thematic evolution over three sub-periods (2015–2018, 2019–2022, 2023–2026) demonstrated a clear migration of the field from cardiorespiratory and laboratory-based assessment to wearable sensors, machine-learning-enabled monitoring and CRF risk stratification. These findings offer an empirical guide for researchers, clinicians, educators, and policymakers interested in advancing valid, scalable, and technology-integrated fitness assessment.

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22 penulis · 71 tautan kepenulisan bersama · 36 lintas organisasi

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  • Indonesia University of Education
  • INTI International University
  • Riau University
  • Universitas Setia Budhi Rangkasbitung
  • Thaksin University
  • Ege University
  • Universiti Teknologi MARA
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  • Organisasi berbeda
  • Organisasi sama
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Muhamad Suma WijayaIndonesia University of Education2
Julinur HafidAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Lilis MaesarohAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Anisa ShopianiIndonesia University of Education2
Marisa Noviyanti Fajrah IlsyaIndonesia University of Education1
Ivan Rivan FirdausIndonesia University of Education1
Derry Renanda Putra SiahaanIndonesia University of Education1
SalmanIndonesia University of Education1
Adi Maulana MahmudIndonesia University of Education1
Burhan HambaliIndonesia University of Education1
Yusuf HidayatIndonesia University of Education1
Mohd Sofian Omar FauzeeINTI International University1
Norlena SalamuddinINTI International University1
Singha TulyakulThaksin University1
Utku IşıkEge University1
Hasmiza Abdul MajeedUniversiti Teknologi MARA1
Dywa Ikal MutaqinIndonesia University of Education1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/peshr/oai, pertama di-harvest 6 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Trends and Developments in Fitness Test Research: A Scopus Bibliometric Analysis</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Muhammad Dzikry Abdullah Al Ghazaly</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Agung Hilmi Wahdi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Rifki Rosad</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mochamad Derry Prasaja</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nadila Maesara</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">cardiorespiratory fitness</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">fitness test</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">physical fitness</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">thematic evolution</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">wearable technology</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">The evaluation of physical fitness is a core element of sport science, clinical exercise physiology and population health surveillance but a comprehensive bibliometric synthesis of the recent global trend is missing. The present study aims to describe the productivity, intellectual structure, and thematic evolution of the research on fitness tests published between 2015 and 2026. A total of 5,766 peer-reviewed articles indexed in the Scopus database (Elsevier) were retrieved with the search string TITLE-ABS-KEY ("fitness test" OR "physical fitness test" OR "exercise test"). The articles were analysed through performance analysis and science mapping with Bibliometrix R-package (Biblioshiny), VOSviewer 1.6.20, and Microsoft Excel, following the protocol of (Aria &amp;amp; Cuccurullo, 2017; Donthu et al., 2021). The dataset included 92,894 citations (mean = 16.11; median = 7.00) from 1,134 source journals. The annual scientific production increased from 380 documents in 2015 to a maximum of 691 documents in 2024, with a 3-year moving average that indicates a sustained acceleration after 2020. The top contributing countries were: United States (n = 1,168), United Kingdom (n = 782), and Brazil (n = 580). Lotka’s law was confirmed (n ≈ 3.24), with a very skewed distribution of productivity; Bradford’s law identified 15 core journals, accounting for 34.1% of all output. Co-occurrence analysis of author keywords resulted in five thematic clusters: General Exercise &amp;amp; Fitness, Cardiorespiratory &amp;amp; Performance, Athletic Performance &amp;amp; Training, Health Aging &amp;amp; Body, and Methodological. Thematic evolution over three sub-periods (2015–2018, 2019–2022, 2023–2026) demonstrated a clear migration of the field from cardiorespiratory and laboratory-based assessment to wearable sensors, machine-learning-enabled monitoring and CRF risk stratification. These findings offer an empirical guide for researchers, clinicians, educators, and policymakers interested in advancing valid, scalable, and technology-integrated fitness assessment.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-07-26</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/peshr/article/view/54367</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/active.v15i2.54367</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation; Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026); 1300-1315</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2460-724X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2252-6773</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/active.v15i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/peshr/article/view/54367/10809</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>