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Association between Gastritis and Duodenitis with the Incidence of Hypertension in Semarang City

Public Health Perspective Journal · Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026) · hlm. 76–84

DOI
10.15294/phpj.v10i1.20478
ISSN
2540-7945, 2528-5998
Terbit
2026-06-12
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

The prevalence rate in Semarang City has not yet reached the global SDG 2025 target of a 25% reduction (WHO, 2023). Hypertension is often referred to as a “silent killer” because its early symptoms are rarely noticeable, leading many individuals to be unaware of their condition until complications such as gastritis and duodenitis occur. This study aims to analyze the epidemiological patterns of hypertension and gastritis and duodenitis, as well as the association between these conditions and hypertension incidence. This quantitative research uses a nested case-control design with SIMPUS data from Semarang City from 2020–2022, involving 220,093 patients, consisting of 21,639 cases and 198,032 controls. The dependent variable was hypertension, while gastritis and duodenitis served as independent variables. Univariate and bivariate (chi-square) analyses were performed. The results show that hypertension was more common in women (27,709 patients) and highest in the 50–59 age group, while gastritis and duodenitis were also more frequent in women (25,042 patients), peaking in the 20–29 age group. Bivariate analysis revealed a significant association between gastritis and duodenitis and hypertension. Among males, the highest risk occurred in the 70–79 age group, with an OR of 2.76 (95% CI: 2.62–2.89), while among females, the highest risk was observed in the 80–89 age group, with an OR of 3.32 (95% CI: 3.08–3.57). The Semarang City Health Office is recommended to strengthen hypertension prevention by prioritizing early screening for gastritis and duodenitis in high-risk older adults.

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  • State University of Semarang
  • Mulawarman University
  • State University of Medan
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Organisasi berbeda
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Widya Hary CahyatiState University of Semarang6
Hanif Pandu SuhitoState University of Semarang5
Ari YuniastutiState University of Semarang4
Oktia Woro Kasmini HandayaniState University of Semarang4
Rr. Sri Ratna RahayuState University of Semarang3
Sholikun SholikunAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Yuni WijayantiState University of Semarang3
Nintorio Vieira FernandesState University of Semarang2
Muhammad AzinarState University of Semarang2
Luqman AlwiState University of Semarang2
Nadiya Arawinda AndarState University of Semarang2
Tandiyo RahayuState University of Semarang2
Arulita Ika FibrianaState University of Semarang2
Irwan BudionoState University of Semarang2
Sri Ratna RahayuState University of Semarang2
Muhamad Zakki SaefurrohimMulawarman University2
S ArifaState University of Semarang1
Azhar Fauzan FadhilState University of Semarang1
Dyah Ayu Shinta RatnasariState University of Semarang1
Syifa Nurisma PutriState University of Semarang1
Amalia An NidhaState University of Semarang1
Qonita Nur QolbyState University of Semarang1
Tyas PurwaningsihState University of Semarang1
Devita Uzlah SibaraniState University of Semarang1
Dhea Istiva AyuState University of Semarang1
Regina Marsha NathanielaState University of Semarang1
Puji SutarjoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Lintang Wening Ing TyasState University of Semarang1
Novita KukilowatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Sultan Aulia RahmatState University of Semarang1
Suharna SuharnaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dianita SariState University of Semarang1
Agtika Yasyfa Nur AzizahState University of Semarang1
Siti Endah WahyuningsihAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Sugiharto SugihartoState University of Medan1
Amelia Fitra KhasanahState University of Semarang1
Diyana SalsabilaState University of Semarang1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/phpj/oai, pertama di-harvest 6 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Association between Gastritis and Duodenitis with the Incidence of Hypertension in Semarang City</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ilmi, Yhoaninda Nurul </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Azam,  Mahalul </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini </dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Hypertension</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Gastritis</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Duodenitis</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Comorbidities </dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">The prevalence rate in Semarang City has not yet reached the global SDG 2025 target of a 25% reduction (WHO, 2023). Hypertension is often referred to as a “silent killer” because its early symptoms are rarely noticeable, leading many individuals to be unaware of their condition until complications such as gastritis and duodenitis occur. This study aims to analyze the epidemiological patterns of hypertension and gastritis and duodenitis, as well as the association between these conditions and hypertension incidence. This quantitative research uses a nested case-control design with SIMPUS data from Semarang City from 2020–2022, involving 220,093 patients, consisting of 21,639 cases and 198,032 controls. The dependent variable was hypertension, while gastritis and duodenitis served as independent variables. Univariate and bivariate (chi-square) analyses were performed. The results show that hypertension was more common in women (27,709 patients) and highest in the 50–59 age group, while gastritis and duodenitis were also more frequent in women (25,042 patients), peaking in the 20–29 age group. Bivariate analysis revealed a significant association between gastritis and duodenitis and hypertension. Among males, the highest risk occurred in the 70–79 age group, with an OR of 2.76 (95% CI: 2.62–2.89), while among females, the highest risk was observed in the 80–89 age group, with an OR of 3.32 (95% CI: 3.08–3.57). The Semarang City Health Office is recommended to strengthen hypertension prevention by prioritizing early screening for gastritis and duodenitis in high-risk older adults.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-06-12</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/phpj/article/view/20478</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/phpj.v10i1.20478</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Public Health Perspective Journal; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026); 76-84</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2540-7945</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2528-5998</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/phpj.v10i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/phpj/article/view/20478/10094</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Public Health Perspective Journal</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>