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A syntactical analysis of sentence structures and types in the song lyrics of “To The Bone” and “Lathi”

Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies · Vol. 14 (2025) · hlm. 58–66

DOI
10.15294/rainbow.v14i.30141
ISSN
2721-4540, 2252-6323
Terbit
2025-07-31
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Abstrak

This study aims to analyze the sentence structures and types found in two popular Indonesian songs written in English, “To the Bone” by Pamungkas and “Lathi” by Weird Genius ft. Sara Fajira, and to examine how the songwriters’ syntactic choices contribute to the song lyrics’ expressive impact. Using Carnie’s phrase structure rules (PSRs) for tree diagram constructions, the study identifies constituents, categories, and grammatical functions in the lyrics written by non-native English speakers, especially Indonesians. The results show that simple declarative sentences appear most frequently, with “To The Bone” containing 15 simple sentences within 39 declaratives and “Lathi” containing 9 simple sentences within 22 declaratives. Such syntactic patterns are commonly chosen for emotional clarity and accessibility. On the other hand, “To the Bone” also uses imperatives and interrogatives to enhance emotional engagement, whereas “Lathi” exclusively uses declaratives. Lastly, these songs use fragments and interjections to create emotional impact and support rhythmic flow. In conclusion, these results outline how non-native songwriters manipulate English syntax to create clear narratives and evoke strong emotions in the song lyrics.

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  • State University of Semarang
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Ainul HamdiyahState University of Semarang1
Muhammad Raihan Adi MadanaState University of Semarang1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/rainbow/oai, pertama di-harvest 6 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">A syntactical analysis of sentence structures and types in the song lyrics of “To The Bone” and “Lathi”</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Al Bahy, Muhammad Ilmi </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Darmawan, Ruly Indra</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">non-native English writing</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">phrase structure rules</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">sentence structures and types</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">song lyrics</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">tree diagrams</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">This study aims to analyze the sentence structures and types found in two popular Indonesian songs written in English, “To the Bone” by Pamungkas and “Lathi” by Weird Genius ft. Sara Fajira, and to examine how the songwriters’ syntactic choices contribute to the song lyrics’ expressive impact. Using Carnie’s phrase structure rules (PSRs) for tree diagram constructions, the study identifies constituents, categories, and grammatical functions in the lyrics written by non-native English speakers, especially Indonesians. The results show that simple declarative sentences appear most frequently, with “To The Bone” containing 15 simple sentences within 39 declaratives and “Lathi” containing 9 simple sentences within 22 declaratives. Such syntactic patterns are commonly chosen for emotional clarity and accessibility. On the other hand, “To the Bone” also uses imperatives and interrogatives to enhance emotional engagement, whereas “Lathi” exclusively uses declaratives. Lastly, these songs use fragments and interjections to create emotional impact and support rhythmic flow. In conclusion, these results outline how non-native songwriters manipulate English syntax to create clear narratives and evoke strong emotions in the song lyrics.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-07-31</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/rainbow/article/view/30141</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/rainbow.v14i.30141</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies; Vol. 14 (2025): Special Issue; 58-66</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2721-4540</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2252-6323</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/rainbow.v14i</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/rainbow/article/view/30141/5489</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Ilmi Al Bahy, Ruly Indra Darmawan (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>