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Performance of Natural Ventilation in Residential Buildings under Different Opening Conditions

Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi · Vol. 23 No. 2 (2025) · hlm. 99–106

DOI
10.15294/sainteknol.v23i2.44731
ISSN
2527-3604, 0216-4566
Terbit
2025-12-31
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

Natural ventilation is widely applied in tropical residential buildings to improve indoor environmental quality and reduce cooling energy demand. However, increasing opening size does not always proportionally enhance ventilation performance. This study aims to experimentally determine the relationship between inlet opening variation and natural ventilation performance in a residential test room (6.0 m × 2.5 m × 3.5 m; 52.5 m³) oriented along the Southwest–Northeast axis. The investigation was conducted by measuring variations in indoor air velocity, temperature, relative humidity, and estimating the air change rate (ACH) under different inlet opening conditions. The inlet door opening was varied from 20% to 100%, while the outlet door remained fully open. Results indicate a non-linear relationship between opening variation and ventilation performance. Indoor air velocity increased from 0.09 m s⁻¹ at 20% opening to a maximum of 0.11 m s⁻¹ at 60%, then decreased at larger openings. ACH followed a similar trend, peaking at the intermediate configuration. Temperature differences remained minimal, confirming the dominance of wind-driven airflow, while relative humidity varied with airflow distribution and dilution effects. The findings suggest that moderate inlet openings may provide more efficient ventilation than fully open configurations in tropical residential buildings.

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  • State University of Semarang
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Ardiyan Adhi WibowoState University of Semarang4
Wiwit SetyowatiState University of Semarang3
DihartoState University of Semarang2
Eko Budi SantosoState University of Semarang2
Vicky Rosyid HidayatState University of Semarang2
Sintia Putri MaulitaState University of Semarang2
Khusnul Khairul NisaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Meci Aryani SaputriState University of Semarang2
Haniif PrasetiawanState University of Semarang2
Dewi Selvia FardhyantiState University of Semarang2
Bayu TriwibowoState University of Semarang2
Salwa Nur FadilahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Fahrudin FahrudinState University of Semarang1
Didik Nopianto Agung NugradiState University of Semarang1
Kristoforus VedroState University of Semarang1
FahrudinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Salwa Nur FadilaState University of Semarang1
Anissa FajrianiState University of Semarang1
Dimas WicaksonoState University of Semarang1
Andi PurnomoState University of Semarang1
Diaz Faiza TawainellaState University of Semarang1
Bambang Setyohadi KPAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Teguh PrihantoState University of Semarang1
Isna PratiwiState University of Semarang1
Muhammad Wasim IkramAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ramavi AkbarState University of Semarang1
Zuhriyan Ash Shiddieqy BahlawanState University of Semarang1
Astrilia DamayantiState University of Semarang1
Serlia Fitri SadanState University of Semarang1
Nurul KhusnaState University of Semarang1
Karenina HakimState University of Semarang1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/sainteknol/oai, pertama di-harvest 6 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Performance of Natural Ventilation in Residential Buildings under Different Opening Conditions</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Savanti, Fisa</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Utama, Hari</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ardhiansyah, Hanif</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">natural ventilation</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">opening variation</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">air change rate</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">wind-driven airflow</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">tropical housing</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Natural ventilation is widely applied in tropical residential buildings to improve indoor environmental quality and reduce cooling energy demand. However, increasing opening size does not always proportionally enhance ventilation performance. This study aims to experimentally determine the relationship between inlet opening variation and natural ventilation performance in a residential test room (6.0 m × 2.5 m × 3.5 m; 52.5 m³) oriented along the Southwest–Northeast axis. The investigation was conducted by measuring variations in indoor air velocity, temperature, relative humidity, and estimating the air change rate (ACH) under different inlet opening conditions. The inlet door opening was varied from 20% to 100%, while the outlet door remained fully open. Results indicate a non-linear relationship between opening variation and ventilation performance. Indoor air velocity increased from 0.09 m s⁻¹ at 20% opening to a maximum of 0.11 m s⁻¹ at 60%, then decreased at larger openings. ACH followed a similar trend, peaking at the intermediate configuration. Temperature differences remained minimal, confirming the dominance of wind-driven airflow, while relative humidity varied with airflow distribution and dilution effects. The findings suggest that moderate inlet openings may provide more efficient ventilation than fully open configurations in tropical residential buildings.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-12-31</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/sainteknol/article/view/44731</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/sainteknol.v23i2.44731</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi; Vol. 23 No. 2 (2025): December 2025; 99-106</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2527-3604</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0216-4566</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/sainteknol.v23i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/sainteknol/article/view/44731/8736</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi</dc:rights>
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