Jenis dan Fungsi Pragmatis Tindak Tutur Masyarakat Melayu Dialek Sambas di Kota Singkawang

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis jenis dan fungsi tindak tutur masyarakat dialek Sambas pada ranah lingkungan sosial pergaulan antartetangga di Kota Singkawang. Data dikumpulkan melalui metode simak terdiri atas teknik dasar dan teknik lanjutan, teknik dasar yaitu teknik sadap, dan teknik lanjutan, yaitu teknik lanjutan I: teknik simak bebas libat cakap, teknik II: teknik rekam, teknik III: teknik catat. Teknik padan pragmatis digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Jenis dan fungsi pragmatis tindak tutur pada ranah lingkungan sosial pergaulan antartetangga meliputi (1) tindak tutur representatif dengan fungsi pragmatis menyatakan, menyakinkan, menceriterakan, mengakui, menunjukkan, memberikan informasi, dan berspekulasi; (2) tindak tutur direktif dengan fungsi pragmatis memohon, memaksa, mengajak, meminta, menanyakan, menyuruh, dan menyarankan; (3) tindak tutur ekspresif dengan fungsi pragmatis memuji, mengucapkan terima kasih, mengeluh, menyalahkan, dan mengucapkan selamat; (4) tindak tutur komisif dengan fungsi pragmatis berjanji dan menyatakan kesanggupan; dan (5) tindak tutur isbati dengan fungsi pragmatis memutuskan.The purposes of this study are to identify and analyze the types and functions of speech acts in the Malay society with Sambas dialect for the social interaction between neighbours in Singkawang city. The data were collected through listening methods consisting of basic and advanced techniques. The basic technique include tapping, and the advanced ones were divided into three: free conversation listening, recording, and making notes. The pragmatic comparison techniques were used to analyze the data. The types and functions of pragmatic speech acts for the social interaction between neighbours include (1) representative speech acts with pragmatic functions of stating, convincing, telling, recognizing, demonstrating, informing, and speculating; (2) directive speech acts with pragmatic functions of begging, forcing, persuading, asking, questioning, inviting, and suggesting; (3) expressive speech acts with pragmatic functions of praising, thanking, complaining, blaming, and congratulating; (4) commissive speech acts with pragmatic functions of promising and expressing readiness; and (5) confirmative speech acts with pragmatic functions of deciding.