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Transformation of the Public Prosecution Service as the Supervisory Authority for Community Service Orders Under the National Criminal Code

Law Research Review Quarterly · Vol. 11 No. 4 (2025) · hlm. 1279–1302

DOI
10.15294/lrrq.v11i4.42611
ISSN
2716-3415
Terbit
2025-11-30
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

The enactment of Law No. 1 of 2023 (National Criminal Code/KUHP), replacing the colonial-era Criminal Code, marks a significant transformation for the Prosecutor’s Office. The institution must now shift from only executing imprisonment sentences to actively supervising community service punishments in public spaces. The prosecutor’s authority to execute court decisions is reaffirmed in recent regulations, including Article 349 paragraph (2) of Law No. 20 of 2025 on the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). Nevertheless, the lack of comprehensive technical guidelines for the supervisory mechanism continues to pose ongoing challenges. This issue was examined through normative legal research with statutory and comparative approaches to assess the regulatory framework and the prosecutor’s role in executing final and binding (inkracht) court decisions. While a Prosecutor General’s Guideline exists, supervision regulations are broad and lack a specific mechanism for enforcing community service orders. The current system combines community service supervision with conditional punishment and probation, yet still treats community service as a separate category, despite its weaker implementation. The lack of supervision outside working hours increases the risk that offenders may avoid oversight, making the system overly dependent on their good faith.

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  • State University of Semarang
  • Sriwijaya University
  • National University of Malaysia
  • Seoul National University
  • The University of Melbourne
  • Diponegoro University
  • Boğaziçi University
  • Organisasi lain
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Wildan Azkal FikriSriwijaya University5
Ali MasyharState University of Semarang5
Dede IndraswaraState University of Semarang4
Anis WidyawatiState University of Semarang3
Ratih DamayantiState University of Semarang2
Rodiyah RodiyahState University of Semarang2
Putri Balqis Nuril HakimState University of Semarang2
Ahmad Gelora MahardikaSeoul National University2
Diandra Preludio RamadaState University of Semarang2
Firsta Rahadatul ‘AisyThe University of Melbourne2
Irma CahyaningtyasDiponegoro University2
Rohadhatul AisyState University of Semarang2
Yustina Dhian NovitaState University of Semarang1
Muhamad Helmi Md SaidNational University of Malaysia1
Angga AnggaState University of Semarang1
Calvin CameronState University of Semarang1
Ridwan ArifinState University of Semarang1
Adrian HadiputraState University of Semarang1
Ikram AmrullahBoğaziçi University1
Hibatullah MaajidUniversiti Utara Malaysia1
Cahya WulandariState University of Semarang1
Aisyah Nur RafidahSakarya University1
Shofriya Qanitatin AbidahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Kukuh Satria WiratamaState University of Semarang1
Quinny Azalia PutriState University of Semarang1
Bhanu Prakash NunnaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Rasdi RasdiState University of Semarang1
Didik PurnomoState University of Semarang1
Indah Sri UtariState University of Semarang1
Benny SumardianaState University of Semarang1
Nizamuddin AliasNational University of Malaysia1
Adrian NugrahaSriwijaya University1
Joni EmirzonSriwijaya University1
Robert Lihtorng ChenNational Taiwan Ocean University1
Toufan Jati Kumoro SUNARDIAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Aulia Yudatining UmmiState University of Semarang1
Shabrina Alifah PinastiState University of Semarang1
Nasywa Hasna NafisaState University of Semarang1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/snh/oai, pertama di-harvest 6 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Transformation of the Public Prosecution Service as the Supervisory Authority for Community Service Orders Under the National Criminal Code</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sasqia Putri Ramadhani</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Muhammad Azil Maskur</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">public prosecution; community service order; national criminal code;  criminal justice system</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">The enactment of Law No. 1 of 2023 (National Criminal Code/KUHP), replacing the colonial-era Criminal Code, marks a significant transformation for the Prosecutor’s Office. The institution must now shift from only executing imprisonment sentences to actively supervising community service punishments in public spaces. The prosecutor’s authority to execute court decisions is reaffirmed in recent regulations, including Article 349 paragraph (2) of Law No. 20 of 2025 on the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). Nevertheless, the lack of comprehensive technical guidelines for the supervisory mechanism continues to pose ongoing challenges. This issue was examined through normative legal research with statutory and comparative approaches to assess the regulatory framework and the prosecutor’s role in executing final and binding (inkracht) court decisions. While a Prosecutor General’s Guideline exists, supervision regulations are broad and lack a specific mechanism for enforcing community service orders. The current system combines community service supervision with conditional punishment and probation, yet still treats community service as a separate category, despite its weaker implementation. The lack of supervision outside working hours increases the risk that offenders may avoid oversight, making the system overly dependent on their good faith. </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-11-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/snh/article/view/42611</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/lrrq.v11i4.42611</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Law Research Review Quarterly; Vol. 11 No. 4 (2025): Articles in press; 1279-1302</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2716-3415</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/llrq.v11i4</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/snh/article/view/42611/8545</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Law Research Review Quarterly</dc:rights>
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