Open access Jurnal SINTA 1
A small vessel detection using a co-located multi-frequency FMCW MIMO radar
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) · Vol. 11 No. 6 (2021)
- ISSN
- 2722-2578, 2088-8708
- Published
- 2021-12-01
- Publisher
- Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
Abstract
Small vessels detection is a known issue due to its low radar cross section (RCS). An existing shore-based vessel tracking radar is for long-distance commercial vessels detection. Meanwhile, a vessel-mounted radar system known for its reliability has a limitation due to its single radar coverage. The paper presented a co-located frequency modulated continuous waveform (FMCW) maritime radar for small vessel detection utilising a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) configuration. The radar behaviour is numerically simulated for detecting a Swerling 1 target which resembles small maritime’s vessels. The simulated MIMO configuration comprised two transmitting and receiving nodes. The proposal is to utilize a multi-frequency FMCW MIMO configuration in a maritime environment by applying the spectrum averaging (SA) to fuse MIMO received signals for range and velocity estimation. The analysis was summarised and displayed in terms of estimation error performance, probability of error and average error. The simulation outcomes an improvement of 2.2 dB for a static target, and 0.1 dB for a moving target, in resulting the 20% probability of range error with the MIMO setup. A moving vessel's effect was observed to degrade the range error estimation performance between 0.6 to 2.7 dB. Meanwhile, the proposed method was proven to improve the 20% probability of velocity error by 1.75 dB. The impact of multi-frequency MIMO was also observed to produce better average error performance.
Collaboration network of the authors
23 authors · 75 co-authorship links · 28 across different organisations
Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.
- Universiti Teknologi MARA
- Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
- Universiti Putra Malaysia
- Trakya University
- University of Technology Malaysia
- Affiliation unknown
- Different organisations
- Same organisation
- Affiliation unknown
- Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
| Co-author | Organisation | Joint articles |
|---|---|---|
| Nor Ayu Zalina Zakaria | Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka | 3 |
| Khairul Khaizi Mohd Shariff | Universiti Teknologi MARA | 2 |
| Noor Hafizah Abdul Aziz | Universiti Teknologi MARA | 2 |
| Mohd Syafiq Mispan | Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka | 2 |
| Nur Fatin Shazwani Nor Razman | Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka | 2 |
| Haslinah Mohd Nasir | Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka | 2 |
| Noor Mohd Ariff Brahin | Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka | 2 |
| Yoshihide Yamada | University of Technology Malaysia | 1 |
| Afiza Nur Jaafar | Universiti Teknologi MARA | 1 |
| Hajar Ja’afar | Universiti Teknologi MARA | 1 |
| Fatemeh Sadeghikia | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Mohd Khairil Adzhar Mahmood | Universiti Teknologi MARA | 1 |
| Megat Syahirul Amin Megat Ali | Universiti Teknologi MARA | 1 |
| Hidayatusherlina Razali | Universiti Teknologi MARA | 1 |
| Muhammad Nazrin Farhan Nasarudin | Universiti Teknologi MARA | 1 |
| Nor Najwa Ismail | Universiti Teknologi MARA | 1 |
| Zuhani Ismail Khan | Universiti Teknologi MARA | 1 |
| Siti Amalina Enche Ab Rahim | Universiti Teknologi MARA | 1 |
Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.