Predicting and detecting fires on multispectral images using machine learning methods

Abstract

In today's world, fire forecasting and early detection play a critical role in preventing disasters and minimizing damage to the environment and human settlements. The main goal of the study is the development and testing of machine learning algorithms for automated detection of the initial stages of fires based on the analysis of multispectral images. Within the framework of this study, the capabilities of three popular machine learning methods: extreme gradient boosting, logistic regression, and vanilla convolutional neural network (vanilla CNN), are considered in the task of processing and interpreting multispectral images to predict and detect fires. XGBoost, as a gradient-boosted decision tree algorithm, provides high processing speed and accuracy, logistic regression stands out for its simplicity and interpretability, while vanilla CNN uses the power of deep learning to analyze spatial and spectral data. The results of the study show that the integration of these methods into monitoring systems can significantly improve the efficiency of early fire detection, as well as help in predicting potential fires.