Melola Discovery

← Melola Discovery

Journal

Synthesis of Tungsten Trioxide/Hydroxyapatite (WO3/HAp) Photocatalyst For Methylene Blue Degradation

Elkawnie · Vol. 9 No. 1 (2023) · pp. 99–110

DOI
10.22373/ekw.v9i1.16525
ISSN
2460-8912, 2460-8920
Published
2023-06-30
Publisher
Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry
Language
eng

Abstract

Abstract: Dyes have toxic properties and complex chemical structures which become a threat to the ecosystem if it exposes to the environment. A photocatalyst is a semiconductor material that can run a photocatalytic process under UV or visible light to degrade most organic molecules, ideally to H2O and CO2. Tungsten trioxide (WO3) is a visible photocatalyst which could use sunlight irradiation to treat the wastewater pollutant. In this study, WO3 material was hybridized with hydroxyapatite (HAp) through the sol-gel method to degrade methylene blue (MB) synthetic pollutants. The FTIR and SEM-EDX characterization confirmed the presence element of the WO3/HAp hybrid material. The original WO3 and modified WO3/HAp photocatalysts with concentrations of 10, 15, and 20 mg were tested to degrade 15 ppm of 50 ml MB solution under visible light for 4 hours. The highest pollutant degradation was obtained using a 20 mg photocatalyst, which reached the photodegradation efficiency of 73.072% for WO3 and 88.689% for WO3/HAp. The result proved that WO3/HAp hybrid photocatalyst showed higher degradation performance than the unmodified WO3 photocatalyst. The results of this research can be developed for industrial wastewater treatment, including the papermaking, printing and dyeing industries.Abstrak: Zat warna memiliki sifat beracun dan memiliki struktur kimia kompleks yang dapat menjadi ancaman bagi ekosistem apabila terpapar ke lingkungan. Fotokatalis heterogen menggunakan semikonduktor yang memicu proses fotokatalitik dengan bantuan sinar UV atau sinar tampak dalam mendegradasi kebanyakan limbah organik, menjadi H2O dan CO2. Tungsten trioksida (WO3) merupakan fotokatalis yang dapat menggunakan cahaya matahari untuk mendegradasi polutan pada air limbah. Pada penelitian ini, WO3 dihibridisasi dengan hidroksiapatit (HAp) melalui metode sol-gel untuk mendegradasi polutan sintetik Methylene Blue (MB). Hasil karakterisasi FTIR dan SEM-EDX mengkonfirmasi unsur-unsur penyusun material WO3/HAp. Fotokatalis WO3 munri dan WO3/HAp yang dimodifikasi diuji untuk mendegradasi 15 ppm larutan MB 50 ml di bawah cahaya tampak selama 4 jam dengan konsentrasi 10, 15 dan 20 mg. Degradasi polutan tertinggi diperoleh dengan menggunakan fotokatalis 20 mg yang mencapai efisiensi 73,072% untuk WO3 dan 88,689% untuk WO3/HAp. Hasil tersebut membuktikan bahwa fotokatalis hybrid WO3/HAp menunjukkan kinerja degradasi yang lebih baik daripada fotokatalis WO3 tanpa modifikasi.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 99 co-authorship links · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Universiti Brunei Darussalam
  • State University of Semarang
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Husda MarwanAffiliation unknown3
Iwan JunaediState University of Semarang1
Sukestiyarno YLAffiliation unknown1
Wardono WardonoAffiliation unknown1
Riris ButarbutarAffiliation unknown1
Enyla ManurungAffiliation unknown1
Asniwita AsniwitaAffiliation unknown1
Ilham Maulana Al-ayubiAffiliation unknown1
Radika Sabrina AndersonAffiliation unknown1
Safrina AminiAffiliation unknown1
Agung Purwa WidiyanAffiliation unknown1
Ikhwanul MusliminAffiliation unknown1
Izarul MachdarAffiliation unknown1
Ichwana RamliAffiliation unknown1
Auliya AnwarAffiliation unknown1
Cut Meurah RosnellyAffiliation unknown1
Afrillia FahrinaAffiliation unknown1
Pardi PardiAffiliation unknown1
M. Rizal KAffiliation unknown1
Mentarina RizkiAffiliation unknown1
Alex Aji KusumaAffiliation unknown1
Juliana JulianaAffiliation unknown1
Iskandar ISKANDARAffiliation unknown1
Janah SojanahAffiliation unknown1
Pupu Saeful RahmatAffiliation unknown1
Asep MiftahuddinAffiliation unknown1
Shafinar IsmailAffiliation unknown1
Inomjon QudratovAffiliation unknown1
Sri Pantja MadyawatiAffiliation unknown1
Hani PlumeriastutiAffiliation unknown1
Chici Ayu ParamitaAffiliation unknown1
Muhammad Roil BiladUniversiti Brunei Darussalam1
Ratna RatnaAffiliation unknown1
Lia HandayaniAffiliation unknown1
Sri ApriliaAffiliation unknown1
Amri AminAffiliation unknown1
Ulfia HumairaAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/elkawnie/oai, first harvested 7 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Synthesis of Tungsten Trioxide/Hydroxyapatite (WO3/HAp) Photocatalyst For Methylene Blue Degradation</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mizar, Khalid</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mulyati, Sri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Arahman, Nasrul</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">textile industrial waste</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">photocatalytic</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">tungsten trioxide-hydroxyapatite (WO3/HAp)</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">wastewater degradation</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Abstract: Dyes have toxic properties and complex chemical structures which become a threat to the ecosystem if it exposes to the environment. A photocatalyst is a semiconductor material that can run a photocatalytic process under UV or visible light to degrade most organic molecules, ideally to H2O and CO2. Tungsten trioxide (WO3) is a visible photocatalyst which could use sunlight irradiation to treat the wastewater pollutant. In this study, WO3 material was hybridized with hydroxyapatite (HAp) through the sol-gel method to degrade methylene blue (MB) synthetic pollutants. The FTIR and SEM-EDX characterization confirmed the presence element of the WO3/HAp hybrid material. The original WO3 and modified WO3/HAp photocatalysts with concentrations of 10, 15, and 20 mg were tested to degrade 15 ppm of 50 ml MB solution under visible light for 4 hours. The highest pollutant degradation was obtained using a 20 mg photocatalyst, which reached the photodegradation efficiency of 73.072% for WO3 and 88.689% for WO3/HAp. The result proved that WO3/HAp hybrid photocatalyst showed higher degradation performance than the unmodified WO3 photocatalyst. The results of this research can be developed for industrial wastewater treatment, including the papermaking, printing and dyeing industries.Abstrak: Zat warna  memiliki sifat beracun dan memiliki struktur kimia  kompleks yang dapat menjadi ancaman bagi ekosistem apabila terpapar ke lingkungan. Fotokatalis heterogen menggunakan semikonduktor yang memicu proses fotokatalitik dengan bantuan sinar UV atau sinar tampak dalam mendegradasi kebanyakan limbah organik, menjadi H2O dan CO2. Tungsten trioksida (WO3) merupakan fotokatalis yang dapat menggunakan cahaya matahari untuk mendegradasi polutan pada air limbah. Pada penelitian ini, WO3 dihibridisasi dengan hidroksiapatit (HAp) melalui metode sol-gel untuk mendegradasi polutan sintetik Methylene Blue (MB). Hasil karakterisasi FTIR dan SEM-EDX mengkonfirmasi unsur-unsur penyusun material  WO3/HAp. Fotokatalis WO3 munri  dan WO3/HAp yang dimodifikasi diuji untuk mendegradasi 15 ppm larutan MB 50 ml di bawah cahaya tampak selama 4 jam dengan konsentrasi 10, 15 dan 20 mg. Degradasi polutan tertinggi diperoleh dengan menggunakan fotokatalis 20 mg yang mencapai efisiensi 73,072% untuk WO3 dan 88,689% untuk WO3/HAp. Hasil tersebut membuktikan bahwa fotokatalis hybrid WO3/HAp menunjukkan kinerja degradasi yang lebih baik daripada fotokatalis WO3 tanpa modifikasi.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2023-06-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/elkawnie/article/view/16525</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22373/ekw.v9i1.16525</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Elkawnie; Vol. 9 No. 1 (2023); 99-110</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2460-8912</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2460-8920</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/elkawnie/article/view/16525/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/elkawnie/article/view/16525/11312</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2023 Khalid Mizar, Sri Mulyati, Nasrul Arahman</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>