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Mapping Junior High Students’ Critical Thinking Skills in Temperature and Heat with Rasch Analysis

Jurnal Phi : Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Fisika Terapan · Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026) · pp. 104–117

DOI
10.22373/p-jpft.v13i1.33376
ISSN
2549-7162, 2460-4348
Published
2026-10-04
Publisher
Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

Abstract

This study examined the critical thinking skills of junior high school students on the topic of temperature and heat using the Rasch measurement approach to obtain an objective estimate of their abilities. A quantitative approach was applied, involving 53 students from a junior high school in East Nusa Tenggara Province. The research instrument was an essay test consisting of eight questions developed based on critical thinking skill indicators purpose, question at issue, assumptions, point of view, information, concepts, interpretation and inference, implications and consequences. The data obtained were subsequently analysed using the Rasch model approach with the Ministep software. The test results showed that the item reliability coefficient was 0.83, which falls within the ‘good’ category, while the Cronbach's alpha value of 0.60 indicated acceptable internal consistency. Item suitability analysis showed that most of the questions were in the category of fit to the Rasch model. Construct validity based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the residuals showed that the instrument met the assumption of unidimensionality. In addition, the analysis of Differential Item Functioning (DIF) results showed no item bias between respondent groups. Mapping students' abilities using Wright Map and analyzing response patterns using scalograms showed variations in students' critical thinking abilities and a small number of respondents with inconsistent response patterns. These findings indicate that the developed instrument is suitable for mapping students' critical thinking skills on temperature and heat material, although further development is still needed to improve measurement accuracy at the individual level.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 96 co-authorship links · 20 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Indonesia University of Education
  • Yıldız Technical University
  • University of Technology Malaysia
  • Tanjungpura University
  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Andi SuhandiIndonesia University of Education3
Erwina OktaviantyTanjungpura University3
Almas SafanahIndonesia University of Education3
Lina AviyantiIndonesia University of Education3
Agus SetiawanIndonesia University of Education2
B. CostuYıldız Technical University2
Irma Rahma SuwarmaIndonesia University of Education2
Nur KholifahAffiliation unknown2
Muhammad NurtantoAffiliation unknown2
Judhistira Aria UtamaAffiliation unknown2
Roslina RoslinaAffiliation unknown2
WahyudiAffiliation unknown1
Yusri KaminUniversity of Technology Malaysia1
Eka MurdaniIndonesia University of Education1
M. MuslimIndonesia University of Education1
Nuzulira Janeusse FratiwiIndonesia University of Education1
Mohd Zaidi Bin AmiruddinIndonesia University of Education1
Nila ApriliyantiAffiliation unknown1
Bayram ÇoştuYıldız Technical University1
Febrina Aspyan TariAffiliation unknown1
Dian PurnamaAffiliation unknown1
Sheila Mutiara InggitAffiliation unknown1
Iyon SuryanaAffiliation unknown1
Nurul Naasyithotul JannahAffiliation unknown1
Novia AdityaAffiliation unknown1
Muslim MuslimUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Yustiandi yustiandiAffiliation unknown1
Vitoria Venisia PereiraAffiliation unknown1
Bayram CostuAffiliation unknown1
masrifah masrifahAffiliation unknown1
Dewi AmirohAffiliation unknown1
Hilda PermataAffiliation unknown1
Parlindungan SinagaAffiliation unknown1
Endi SuhendiAffiliation unknown1
Asep Irvan IrvaniAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/jurnalphi/oai, first harvested 7 Nov 2026, last seen 7 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Mapping Junior High Students’ Critical Thinking Skills in Temperature and Heat with Rasch Analysis</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Dortiana Lima, Yasiva</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Samsudin, Achmad</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Saepuzaman, Duden</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Liliawati, Winny</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Hasanah, Lilik</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Critical thinking skills</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Temperature and heat</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Rasch model</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Physics learning</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Critical Thinking Skills</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Rasch Model / Analysis</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Educational Assessment</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Temperature and Heat</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Junior High School Science</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">This study examined the critical thinking skills of junior high school students on the topic of temperature and heat using the Rasch measurement approach to obtain an objective estimate of their abilities. A quantitative approach was applied, involving 53 students from a junior high school in East Nusa Tenggara Province. The research instrument was an essay test consisting of eight questions developed based on critical thinking skill indicators purpose, question at issue, assumptions, point of view, information, concepts, interpretation and inference, implications and consequences. The data obtained were subsequently analysed using the Rasch model approach with the Ministep software. The test results showed that the item reliability coefficient was 0.83, which falls within the ‘good’ category, while the Cronbach's alpha value of 0.60 indicated acceptable internal consistency. Item suitability analysis showed that most of the questions were in the category of fit to the Rasch model. Construct validity based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the residuals showed that the instrument met the assumption of unidimensionality. In addition, the analysis of Differential Item Functioning (DIF) results showed no item bias between respondent groups. Mapping students' abilities using Wright Map and analyzing response patterns using scalograms showed variations in students' critical thinking abilities and a small number of respondents with inconsistent response patterns. These findings indicate that the developed instrument is suitable for mapping students' critical thinking skills on temperature and heat material, although further development is still needed to improve measurement accuracy at the individual level.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-10-04</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/jurnalphi/article/view/33376</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22373/p-jpft.v13i1.33376</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Phi : Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Fisika Terapan; Vol. 13 No. 1 (2027); 104-117</dc:source>
	<dc:source xml:lang="id">Jurnal Phi: Kurnal Pendidikan Fisika &amp; Terapan; Vol 13 No 1 (2027); 104-117</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2549-7162</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2460-4348</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/jurnalphi/article/view/33376/13522</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Yasiva Dortiana Lima, Achmad Samsudin, Duden Saepuzaman, Winny Liliawati, Lilik Hasanah</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</dc:rights>
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