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Development of an IoT-Based Solar Power Plant (PLTS) Experimental Kit as a CPS–STEM Learning Media in Junior High School

Jurnal Phi : Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Fisika Terapan · Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026) · pp. 265–276

DOI
10.22373/p-jpft.v12i2.34701
ISSN
2549-7162, 2460-4348
Published
2026-06-15
Publisher
Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

Abstract

Science learning in junior high schools is still dominated by abstract and teacher-centered approaches, failing to realize the principles of pedagogical Deep Learning, which emphasizes mindful, meaningful, and joyful student understanding. This study aimed to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based Solar Power Plant (PLTS) experiment kit as a valid, practical, and effective Creative Problem Solving–STEM learning media. The study employed a 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate) with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The developed product consisted of solar panels, a Solar Charge Controller, a battery, and an inverter, integrated with an ESP32-based IoT module, relays, sensors, and the Telegram Bot platform. Validation was conducted by five experts using the Content Validity Index (CVI). The research subjects were 104 ninth-grade students at SMP Negeri 02 Semendawai Timur. The results showed that the IoT-based PLTS experiment kit was highly valid (CVI = 0.90) and very practical, with an average learning implementation of 84.75% and a positive student response of 89.03%. Furthermore, the kit was effective in improving students' Creative Problem Solving abilities, achieving an N-gain value of 0.53 (moderate category). This IoT-based PLTS experiment kit provides a learning experience that aligns with the demands of Industrial Revolution 4.0 and the principles of holistic educational Deep Learning.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

38 authors · 113 co-authorship links · 1 across different organisations

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Sriwijaya University
  • Indonesia University of Education
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Ismet IsmetAffiliation unknown3
Meilinda MeilindaIndonesia University of Education2
Nyimas AisyahSriwijaya University2
Jaidan JauhariAffiliation unknown2
Meuretta Alawiyah PulunganAffiliation unknown2
Mashuri MashuriAffiliation unknown1
Amin SuyitnoAffiliation unknown1
Jefri MarzalAffiliation unknown1
Mauladi MauladiAffiliation unknown1
Sophia RahmawatiAffiliation unknown1
Aprillitzavivayarti AprillitzavivayartiAffiliation unknown1
Yahfenel Evi FussalamAffiliation unknown1
Resi SilviaAffiliation unknown1
Dani SartikaAffiliation unknown1
Sariya MelatiAffiliation unknown1
Sukartini SukartiniAffiliation unknown1
Bambang HariyantoAffiliation unknown1
Riry PrihatiniAffiliation unknown1
Eliza MayuraAffiliation unknown1
Sary SilvhianyAffiliation unknown1
Cecil HiltrimartinAffiliation unknown1
Wahyu Indra BayuAffiliation unknown1
Hapizah HapizahAffiliation unknown1
Ratu Ilma Indra PutriAffiliation unknown1
Zulkardi ZulkardiAffiliation unknown1
Mardiah AfifaAffiliation unknown1
Anisya Sefina PuteriAffiliation unknown1
Zainuddin NawawiSriwijaya University1
Sukemi SukemiAffiliation unknown1
Meily P AgustiniAffiliation unknown1
Muhammad Rama AlmafieAffiliation unknown1
Yuda Prasetya NugrahaAffiliation unknown1
Meutia Kamilatun Nuha Ap IdjanAffiliation unknown1
Rosdiana RosdianaAffiliation unknown1
Hamdi Akhsan AkhsanAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/jurnalphi/oai, first harvested 7 Nov 2026, last seen 7 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Development of an IoT-Based Solar Power Plant (PLTS) Experimental Kit as a CPS–STEM Learning Media in Junior High School</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Putra, Gede Mudita Edi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sriyanti, Ida</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Marlina, Leni </dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Experiment kit</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">solar power plant</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Internet of Things (IoT)</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Creative Problem Solving</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">STEM</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Creative Problem Solving (CPS)</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">STEM Education</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Internet of Things (IoT)</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Experiment Kit</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Deep Learning</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Science learning in junior high schools is still dominated by abstract and teacher-centered approaches, failing to realize the principles of pedagogical Deep Learning, which emphasizes mindful, meaningful, and joyful student understanding. This study aimed to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based Solar Power Plant (PLTS) experiment kit as a valid, practical, and effective Creative Problem Solving–STEM learning media. The study employed a 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate) with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The developed product consisted of solar panels, a Solar Charge Controller, a battery, and an inverter, integrated with an ESP32-based IoT module, relays, sensors, and the Telegram Bot platform. Validation was conducted by five experts using the Content Validity Index (CVI). The research subjects were 104 ninth-grade students at SMP Negeri 02 Semendawai Timur. The results showed that the IoT-based PLTS experiment kit was highly valid (CVI = 0.90) and very practical, with an average learning implementation of 84.75% and a positive student response of 89.03%. Furthermore, the kit was effective in improving students' Creative Problem Solving abilities, achieving an N-gain value of 0.53 (moderate category). This IoT-based PLTS experiment kit provides a learning experience that aligns with the demands of Industrial Revolution 4.0 and the principles of holistic educational Deep Learning.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-06-15</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/jurnalphi/article/view/34701</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22373/p-jpft.v12i2.34701</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Phi : Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Fisika Terapan; Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026); 265-276</dc:source>
	<dc:source xml:lang="id">Jurnal Phi: Kurnal Pendidikan Fisika &amp; Terapan; Vol 12 No 2 (2026); 265-276</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2549-7162</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2460-4348</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/jurnalphi/article/view/34701/12990</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Gede Mudita Edi Putra, Ida Sriyanti, Leni  Marlina</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</dc:rights>
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