The Experiences of Nutrition Fulfillment in Mothers with a History of Anemia During Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study: Pengalaman Pemenuhan Zat Gizi pada Ibu dengan Riwayat Anemia Kehamilan: Studi Kualitatif
Pengalaman Pemenuhan Zat Gizi pada Ibu dengan Riwayat Anemia Kehamilan: Studi Kualitatif: The Experiences of Nutrition Fulfillment in Mothers with a History of Anemia During Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study
Background: Anemia during pregnancy is one of the most common disorders, especially in middle and poor economic countries, including Indonesia. Anemia is closely related to nutrition consumed during pregnancy. Objectives: This research aimed to explore the experience of nutritional fulfillment in pregnant women with a history of anemia during pregnancy. Methods: The research used a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with inclusion criteria, so a sample of 20 pregnant women with a history of anemia was obtained. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured in-depth interviews. Data analysis used the Colaizzi method. Results: The results showed five themes: lack of intake and diversification of food types during pregnancy; food processing with hot temperatures and dry intensity reduces the nutritional value of food; choosing the type of food without knowing its benefits can affect health; several types of vegetables, fruit, and protein are dietary restrictions during pregnancy; and non-compliance in consuming Fe tablets regularly. Fulfillment of nutritional status is essential for pregnant women and must be fulfilled thoroughly so that anemia does not occur during pregnancy. Conclusions: Mothers' lack of knowledge and inability to care for themselves during pregnancy. Lack of information, starting from the selection, processing, and consumption of food during pregnancy, can increase the mother's health risks, including anemia. Pregnant women must improve prenatal care to get education about fulfilling nutrition during pregnancy.
Indonesian
Latar Belakang: Anemia kehamilan merupakan salah satu gangguan yang paling umum terjadi khususnya di negara ekonomi menengah dan miskin termasuk Indonesia. Anemia berkaitan erat dengan nutrisi yang dikonsumsi selama hamil. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman pemenuhan nutrisi pada ibu dengan riwayat anemia kehamilan. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi, sehingga didapatkan sampel sebanyak 20 partisipan Ibu hamil dengan riwayat anemia di Wilayah Kerja Public Health Centre Banjarsengon Kabupaten Jember. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam semi-terstruktur. Analisis data menggunakan metode Colaizzi. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lima tema esensial terkait pengalaman ibu dengan riwayat anemia kehamilan yaitu: kurangnya asupan dan ketidakanekaragaman jenis makanan selama kehamilan; pengolahan makanan dengan suhu panas dan intensitas kering membuat berkurangnya nilai gizi suatu makanan; pemilihan jenis makanan tanpa tahu manfaat dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan; beberapa jenis sayuran, buah dan protein menjadi pantangan makanan selama hamil; dan ketidakpatuhan mereka dalam mengkonsumsi tablet Fe secara teratur. Pemenuhan status gizi sangat penting bagi Ibu hamil dan harus terpenuhi secara menyeluruh, agar terhindar dari anemia selama kehamilan. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pengalaman Ibu hamil anemia yaitu kurangnya pengetahuan dan ketidakmampuan Ibu dalam merawat dirinya selama hamil. Kurangnya informasi mulai dari memilih, mengolah, dan mengkonsumsi makanan saat hamil dapat meningkatkan risiko bagi kesehatan ibu salah satunya anemia kehamilan. Ibu hamil perlu ditingkatkan dalam pemeriksaan kehamilannya untuk mendapatkan edukasi tentang pemenuhan gizi selama hamil.
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