Individual Dietary Diversity Score and Nutritional Status Differences between Students Living in Dormitory and Home during COVID-19 Pandemic: Perbedaan Keragaman Pangan dan Status Gizi Santri di Asrama dan Rumah selama Pandemi COVID-19

Abstract

English

Background: High school students at Islamic Boarding Schools (IBS) are continuing their learning activities at school during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the option to live either at home or in the dormitory. These differing living conditions may have an impact on individual dietary diversity scores (IDDS) and nutritional status. Objectives: To compare the IDDS and nutritional status of IBS students between dormitory living and home living during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study was conducted using a cross-sectional design involving 232 boys and girls (116 residing in the dormitory and 116 residing at home) aged 16-18 years, from 8 IBS located in Mranggen District, Demak Regency. The subjects were selected through systematic random sampling, adhering to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was collected using structured questionnaires that included IDDS, weight, and height measurements to calculate BMI Z-scores. Data were analyzed using Independent T, Mann Whitney U, Chi-Square, Rank Spearman Tests, and General Linear Models. Results: The subjects living at home consume a higher number (≥ 6) of food groups compared to those living in the dormitory. The malnutrition rates in dormitories are higher (40.5%). There were no significant differences in age and the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases between the two groups. The mean IDDS (5.4, p<0.001) and BMI Z-scores (0.26, p<0.001) of subjects living at home were higher than those living in the dormitory (3.7 and -0.73, respectively). The mean allowance for subjects living at home (Rp 325,948.3, p<0.001) was also higher than for those living in the dormitory (Rp. 224,913.8). Even after controlling for IDDS and allowance, the BMI Z-scores of subjects living at home remained higher than those in the dormitory. Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, IBS students who lived at home had higher food diversity and BMI Z-scores compared to those who lived in the dormitory. acceptability value and increased nutritional content compared to the control formula.

Indonesian

Latar Belakang: Selama pandemi COVID-19, santri Madrasah Aliah (sederajat Sekolah Menengah Atas) tetap melaksanakan kegiatan belajar di sekolah, namun mereka dapat tinggal di rumah atau asrama. Perbedaan kondisi tempat tinggal ini dapat mempengaruhi skor keragaman pangan dan status gizi. Tujuan: Untuk membandingkan skor keragaman pangan dan status gizi antara santri yang tinggal di asrama dan rumah selama pandemi COVID-19. Metode: Penelitian dengan desain cross-sectional dilakukan pada 232 (116 asrama dan 116 rumah) santri dan santriwati berusia 16-18 tahun di 8 pesantren di Kecamatan Mranggen, Kabupaten Demak. Subjek dipilih melalui clustered random sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner recall 2x24 jam untuk mendapatkan Individual Dietary Diversity Score (IDDS) serta pengukuran berat dan tinggi badan untuk menghitung skor-Z IMT/U. Data dianalisis dengan uji T Independent, Mann Whitney U, Chi Square, Rank Spearman dan General Linear Model. Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan usia dan jumlah subjek yang terkonfirmasi COVID-19 antar subjek yang tinggal di asrama dan rumah. Rerata skor IDDS (p<0.001) dan skor-Z IMT/U (p<0.001) subjek yang tinggal di rumah lebih tinggi daripada subjek yang tinggal di asrama. Rerata uang saku subjek yang tinggal di rumah juga lebih tinggi daripada subjek yang tinggal di asrama (p<0,001). Setelah dikontrol IDDS dan uang saku, skor-Z IMT/U subjek yang tinggal di rumah tetap lebih tinggi daripada subjek yang tinggal di asrama. Kesimpulan: Selama pandemi COVID-19, santri yang tinggal di rumah mempunyai skor keragaman pangan dan skor-Z IMT/U yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan santri yang tinggal di asrama. Kata kunci: Skor Keragaman Pangan, Indeks Masa Tubuh, Asrama, Rumah, Pandemi COVID-19

Keywords

• keragaman pangan
• Indeks Massa Tubuh
• COVID-19
• Individual Dietary Diversity Scores
• Body Mass Index
• Dormitory
• Home
• COVID-19 Pandemic