Factors Related to Mother's Decision in Giving Formula Milk to Infants Aged 0-24 Months at Puskesmas Merdeka, Bogor City: Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Keputusan Ibu dalam Pemberian Susu Formula pada Bayi Usia 0-24 Bulan di Puskesmas Merdeka, Kota Bogor

Abstract

English

Background: Infants aged 0-24 months are known to experience a period of rapid growth and development with increasing vulnerability to deficiency and overnutrition. The low prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among this age group is inversely proportional to the increasing trend of formula feeding motivated by several factors. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the social factors affecting the decision of mothers to provide formula milk to infants aged 0-24 months. Methods: A quantitatively descriptive method with a cross-sectional design was used, while the respondents were mothers having infants aged 0-24 months and were active in visiting the health center. The respondents totaled 66 people who were further divided into groups including mothers who provided formula milk and those who did not. The sample selection was achieved with the purposive sampling method, while data were collected by distributing questionnaires on several factors which had responses ranging from never to frequently. Results: The results showed that there were differences in the variable role of health workers between formula and non-formula milk groups with a significance value of 0.014 (<0.05). Moreover, there was a significant relationship between family support (P=0.002; R=0.373) and the role of health workers (P=0.001; R=0.387) in the decision to provide formula feeding. Conclusions: There was no significant difference in the nutritional status of infants who were provided formula milk and those who were not. On the other hand, a significant relationship was found between family support and the role of health workers in formula feeding of infants 0-24 months. Other variables such as maternal knowledge of breast milk, early initiation of breastfeeding, and promotion of formula milk had no significant association with formula feeding.

Indonesian

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Bayi (usia 0-12 bulan) merupakan masa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pesat yang mencapai puncaknya pada usia 24 bulan, sehingga rentan kekurangan dan kelebihan gizi. Rendahnya pelaksanaan ASI Eksklusif berbanding terbalik dengan peningkatan pemberian susu formula yang dilatarbelakangi oleh beberapa faktor.Tujuan: Menganalisis faktor yang melatarbelakangi keputusan ibu dalam memberikan susu formula kepada bayi berusia 0-24 bulan.Metode: Penelitian dilakukan secara kuantitatif deskriptif dengan desain Cross Sectional Study. Responden penelitian adalah ibu yang memiliki anak berusia 0-24 bulan yang bersedia dan aktif datang ke posyandu. Responden berjumlah 66 orang yang selanjutnya dibagi menjadi kelompok yang memberikan susu formula dan yang tidak memberikan. Responden dipilih secara purposive sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara menyebar kuesioner dan mengukur antropometri bayi dan balita secara langsung.Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan pada variabel peran tenaga kesehatan pada kelompok yang memberikan susu formula dan yang tidak dengan nilai signifikansi 0,014 (<0,05) serta terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara dukungan keluarga (P=0,002; R=0,373*) dan peran tenaga kesehatan (P=0,001; R=0,387*) terhadap keputusan pemberian susu formula.Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan status gizi pada bayi yang diberikan susu formula dan yang tidak diberikan susu formula. Adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara dukungan keluarga dan peran tenaga kesehatan terhadap pemberian susu formula pada bayi usia 0-24 bulan. Variabel lain seperti pengetahuan ibu tenta ASI, Inisiasi Menyusui Dini dan Promosi Susu formula menunjukkan bahwa tidak adanya hubungan yang signifikan terhadap pemberian susu formula.

Keywords

• Kata Kunci: Susu Formula
• Perilaku Ibu
• Bayi Usia 0-24 bulan.
• Formula Milk
• Formula Feeding Factors
• Infants Aged 0-24 Months