Posyandu Service Utilization as a Dominant Risk Factor for Under-Five Faltering Growth in the Area of Pringsurat Community Health Center: Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Posyandu sebagai Faktor Risiko Dominan Kejadian Gagal Tumbuh pada Balita di Wilayah Puskesmas Pringsurat

Abstract

English

Background: Faltering growth is a precursor to nutritional problems, yet government efforts often fail to address region-specific causes. The agricultural area of Pringsurat Community Health Center has the highest incidence of faltering growth in Temanggung Regency. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for faltering growth in children under five in the area of Pringsurat Community Health Center. Methods: This study employed a case-control design involving 104 children (52 with growth failure and 52 without). Subjects were randomly selected from integrated service posts (posyandu) in villages with the highest cases of growth failure within the research area. Growth failure was defined by a stagnant weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) across three weight measurements. Data on growth failure were collected through weight measurements, while data on factors associated with growth failure were obtained from interviews and the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) book records. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-squared and logistic regression tests. Results: The majority of the subjects were female, aged 24-59 months, had normal birth weight, had a history of infections, utilized posyandu services, received good parenting, and consumed insufficient energy but adequate protein. The main risk factor for failure to thrive was posyandu service underutilization (OR=2.564; 95% CI [1.163-5.654]; p-value=0.019). Factors such as parenting practices, a history of infection, birth weight, gender, and protein consumption were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Posyandu service underutilization is the predominant risk factor for growth failure among children under five in the area of Pringsurat Community Health Center.

Indonesian

Latar Belakang: Gagal tumbuh menjadi pintu masuk masalah gizi, namun upaya pemerintah seringkali tidak memperhatikan perbedaan penyebab antarwilayah. Wilayah Puskesmas Pringsurat, yang merupakan sentra pertanian, memiliki kasus gagal tumbuh tertinggi di Kabupaten Temanggung. Tujuan: Menganalisis faktor risiko gagal tumbuh pada anak di bawah lima tahun (balita) di wilayah Puskesmas Pringsurat. Metode: Desain penelitian case control melibatkan 104 balita (52 gagal tumbuh, 52 tidak gagal tumbuh). Subjek dipilih secara random sampling dari posyandu dengan kasus terbanyak di setiap desa di wilayah Puskesmas Pringsurat. Status gagal tumbuh ditentukan berdasarkan z-score berat badan menurut umur (BB/U) yang tidak mengalami kenaikan atau stagnan selama tiga kali penimbangan berturut-turut. Data gagal tumbuh dikumpulkan melalui penimbangan berat badan, sedang data terkait faktor-faktor gagal tumbuh diperoleh dari wawancara dan pencatatan di buku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (KIA), kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik. Hasil: Subjek lebih banyak berjenis kelamin perempuan, berusia 24-59 bulan, dengan berat lahir normal, pernah mengalami infeksi, memanfaatkan pelayanan posyandu dengan baik, memiliki pola asuh yang baik, dengan konsumsi energi yang kurang dan konsumsi protein yang cukup. Faktor risiko utama gagal tumbuh yang ditemukan adalah kurangnya pemanfaatan posyandu (OR=2,564; 95% CI [1,163-5,654]; p-value=0,019). Faktor lainnya, seperti pola asuh, infeksi, berat lahir, jenis kelamin, dan konsumsi protein, tidak menunjukkan signifikansi. Kesimpulan: Kurangnya pemanfaatan posyandu merupakan faktor dominan penyebab gagal tumbuh pada balita di wilayah Puskesmas Pringsurat.

Keywords

• Pemanfaatan
• Posyandu
• Faktor risiko
• Gagal tumbuh
• Sentra pertanian
• Utilization
• Risk Factor
• Faltering Growth
• Agricultural Area