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Catalytic Transesterification of Used Cooking Oil to Biodiesel: Effect of Oil-Methanol Molar Ratio and Reaction Time

Automotive Experiences · Vol. 2 No. 3 (2019) · pp. 73–77

DOI
10.31603/ae.v2i3.2991
ISSN
2615-6636, 2615-6202
Published
2019-10-15
Publisher
Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang
Language
en

Abstract

Used cooking oil has the potential as biodiesel so that it can reduce environmental pollution. Transesterification of triglycerides in used cooking oil with an alcohol to form methyl esters of fatty acids or biodiesel and glycerol. The type of catalyst is one of the determinants of the transesterification reaction and coal fly ash has the potential to be used as a catalyst in the production of biodiesel. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effect of the oil-methanol ratio and the time of the transesterification of used cooking oil to the yield of biodiesel produced using an alkali-activated fly ash catalyst. Transesterification is carried out at 60 °C, the stirring speed is 700 rpm, and the amount of catalyst load is 4%. The result, the highest yield of biodiesel reached almost 89%. This biodiesel consists of 48.86% methyl oleate and 33.86% methyl palmitate and has a density that meets the Indonesian National Standard, which is 0.85 - 0.90 g/cm3. Finally, the BET test on the fly ash catalyst shows a catalyst surface area of ”‹”‹around 104.106 m2/g.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 88 co-authorship links · showing the 40 most connected

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  • State University of Semarang
  • Diponegoro University
  • Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Herry PurnamaAffiliation unknown3
H. HadiyantoAffiliation unknown3
Titiek Puji AstutiAffiliation unknown2
Rosi WulandariAffiliation unknown2
Scolastika MarianiState University of Semarang1
Putriaji HendikawatiAffiliation unknown1
Abd Razak ZakariaAffiliation unknown1
Ahmad Yahdil Fata RambeAffiliation unknown1
Miftah Daud TanjungAffiliation unknown1
Enjliana EnjlianaAffiliation unknown1
Cintami FarmawatiAffiliation unknown1
Indra Viki HartokoAffiliation unknown1
Muhammad MujiburohmanAffiliation unknown1
Didi Dwi AnggoroAffiliation unknown1
Luqman BuchoriAffiliation unknown1
Yayuk MundriyastutikAffiliation unknown1
Agung SugihartoAffiliation unknown1
N. A. S. AminAffiliation unknown1
W. A. SiswantoAffiliation unknown1
Titik PujiatiAffiliation unknown1
Elfrida B. PrihandiniAffiliation unknown1
Hadiyanto HadiyantoDiponegoro University1
Sakina Tunissa AnarkiAffiliation unknown1
Sabda Wahyu NugrohoAffiliation unknown1
Reistu WidiastutikAffiliation unknown1
Sri WidatiAffiliation unknown1
Mardiyono MardiyonoKementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia1
Agus SulistiyonoAffiliation unknown1
Arief BudimanAffiliation unknown1
Apsari Puspita AiniAffiliation unknown1
Achmad RoesyadiAffiliation unknown1
Widayat WidayatAffiliation unknown1
Wahib KhoiruddinAffiliation unknown1
Marwan EffendyAffiliation unknown1
Keith ScottAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://journal.unimma.ac.id/index.php/AutomotiveExperiences/oai, first harvested 8 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Catalytic Transesterification of Used Cooking Oil to Biodiesel: Effect of Oil-Methanol Molar Ratio and Reaction Time</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ayu, Diah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Aulyana, Rizca</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Astuti, Esti Widya</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Kusmiyati, Kusmiyati</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Hidayati, Nur</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Transesterification</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Biodiesel</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Heterogeneous catalysts</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Fly ash</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Used cooking oil has the potential as biodiesel so that it can reduce environmental pollution. Transesterification of triglycerides in used cooking oil with an alcohol to form methyl esters of fatty acids or biodiesel and glycerol. The type of catalyst is one of the determinants of the transesterification reaction and coal fly ash has the potential to be used as a catalyst in the production of biodiesel. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effect of the oil-methanol ratio and the time of the transesterification of used cooking oil to the yield of biodiesel produced using an alkali-activated fly ash catalyst. Transesterification is carried out at 60 °C, the stirring speed is 700 rpm, and the amount of catalyst load is 4%. The result, the highest yield of biodiesel reached almost 89%. This biodiesel consists of 48.86% methyl oleate and 33.86% methyl palmitate and has a density that meets the Indonesian National Standard, which is 0.85 - 0.90 g/cm3. Finally, the BET test on the fly ash catalyst shows a catalyst surface area of ”‹”‹around 104.106 m2/g.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2019-10-15</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unimma.ac.id/AutomotiveExperiences/article/view/2991</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.31603/ae.v2i3.2991</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Automotive Experiences; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2019); 73-77</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2615-6636</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2615-6202</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.31603/ae.v2i3</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unimma.ac.id/AutomotiveExperiences/article/view/2991/1507</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2019 Diah Ayu, Rizca Aulyana, Esti Widya Astuti, Kusmiyati Kusmiyati, Nur Hidayati</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>