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FURTHER STUDY ON TWO SPECIES OF LOACH FISHES (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae: Nemacheilus) BASED ON MORPHOLOGY AND MOLECULAR DATA

BIOTROPIA · Vol. 30 No. 3 (2023) · pp. 329–345

DOI
10.11598/btb.2023.30.2.1942
ISSN
1907-770X, 0215-6334
Published
2023-12-07
Publisher
SEAMEO BIOTROP
Language
en
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0

Abstract

The identities of two local loaches, Nemacheilus chrysolaimos (Valenciennes, 1846) and N. fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1846) from six rivers, were obtained through a comprehensive examination of their morphology and molecular characteristics in Biltar Regency, East Java, Indonesia. Therefore, this study identified Nemacheilus spp. from Blitar based on morphology and partial sequence of COI. The meristic data obtained for N. chrysolaimos included DII. 7–8 (dorsal fin), AI. 3–5 (anal fin), PI. 9 (pectoral fin), VI. 6–7 (ventral fin), and C. 17 (caudal fin). On the other hand, N. fasciatus exhibited the following meristic data, namely D II 7–8 (dorsal fin), AI. 6 (anal fin), PI. 9–10 (pectoral fin), VI. 6–7 (ventral fin), and C. 17 (caudal fin). A significant difference was observed in the morphometric characteristics of N. fasciatus across various sampling sites, as determined by the Kruskal-Wallis Test. Furthermore, the nucleotide base composition sequences of Nemacheilus spp. consisted of Thiamine (T), Cytosine (C), Adenine (A), and Guanine (G) with a mean of 29.565%, 32.023%, 23.88%, and 16.244%. Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Minimum Evolution (ME) phylogenetic analysis was also conducted using the Kimura 2 Parameter model to establish two major clades on Nemacheilus spp. and one out-group significantly different from the Nemacheilus spp. The results showed that these major clades exhibited a close relationship at 100% bootstrap support and were grouped under the genus Nemacheilus. The study on Nemacheilus spp. from the Blitar locality differentiated COI sequences between N. fasciatus and N. chrysolaimos. Additionally, N. chrysolaimos, as inferred from reference sequences, was identified as the ancestral species to N. chrysolaimos MZB 26540 and MZB 26539. ABGD analyses, employing a prior maximal distance of 0.025, also indicated the separation of these species into distinct partitions. The integration of morphology and genetic data for Nemacheilus spp. should provide valuable insights for future genetic population studies and conservation initiatives.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 132 co-authorship links · 3 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

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  • State University of Semarang
  • Universitas Bhayangkara Surabaya
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Yuli UtantoAffiliation unknown9
Cahya WulandariState University of Semarang7
Hari WibawantoState University of Semarang4
Rusdianto RusdiantoAffiliation unknown4
Viona Angelina Erlan PanjaitanAffiliation unknown4
Adam Dwi RanggaAffiliation unknown4
Noorhidayah Binti MamatAffiliation unknown4
Budiyono BudiyonoAffiliation unknown3
Rusdarti RusdartiAffiliation unknown3
Farid AhmadiAffiliation unknown3
Totok Sumaryanto FlorentinusState University of Semarang3
Luhur SeptiadiAffiliation unknown3
Agung Sih KurniantoAffiliation unknown3
Agus NurrofikAffiliation unknown3
Muhammad FathoniAffiliation unknown3
Amin Setyo LeksonoAffiliation unknown2
Dian Bayu FirmansyahAffiliation unknown2
Mutmainah Nur QoiriAffiliation unknown2
Rini FidiyaniAffiliation unknown2
Ratih DamayantiState University of Semarang2
Destika Santi Putri SarfitriAffiliation unknown2
Jamaluddin Jamal MuhsenAffiliation unknown2
Amin YusufAffiliation unknown2
Joko WidodoAffiliation unknown2
Masrukhi MasrukhiAffiliation unknown2
Wahyu HardyantoAffiliation unknown2
Tri Joko RaharjoAffiliation unknown2
Samsudi SamsudiAffiliation unknown2
Istyarini IstyariniAffiliation unknown2
Ridwan ArifinAffiliation unknown2
Titi PrihatinAffiliation unknown2

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://journal.biotrop.org/index.php/biotropia/oai, first harvested 8 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">FURTHER STUDY ON TWO SPECIES OF LOACH FISHES (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae: Nemacheilus) BASED ON MORPHOLOGY AND MOLECULAR DATA</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Rahayu, Dwi Anggorowati</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Kuntjoro, Sunu</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Budijastuti, Widowati</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Winarsih, Winarsih</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ambarwati, Reni</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nugroho, Endik Deni</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Basith, Abdul</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Kurniawan, Nia</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Haryono, Haryono</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">DNA barcoding</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">morphology</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Nemacheilus</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">phylogenetic</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">taxonomy </dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">The identities of two local loaches, Nemacheilus chrysolaimos (Valenciennes, 1846) and N. fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1846) from six rivers, were obtained through a comprehensive examination of their morphology and molecular characteristics in Biltar Regency, East Java, Indonesia. Therefore, this study identified Nemacheilus spp. from Blitar based on morphology and partial sequence of COI. The meristic data obtained for N. chrysolaimos included DII. 7–8 (dorsal fin), AI. 3–5 (anal fin), PI. 9 (pectoral fin), VI. 6–7 (ventral fin), and C. 17 (caudal fin). On the other hand, N. fasciatus exhibited the following meristic data, namely D II 7–8 (dorsal fin), AI. 6 (anal fin), PI. 9–10 (pectoral fin), VI. 6–7 (ventral fin), and C. 17 (caudal fin). A significant difference was observed in the morphometric characteristics of N. fasciatus across various sampling sites, as determined by the Kruskal-Wallis Test. Furthermore, the nucleotide base composition sequences of Nemacheilus spp. consisted of Thiamine (T), Cytosine (C), Adenine (A), and Guanine (G) with a mean of 29.565%, 32.023%, 23.88%, and 16.244%. Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Minimum Evolution (ME) phylogenetic analysis was also conducted using the Kimura 2 Parameter model to establish two major clades on Nemacheilus spp. and one out-group significantly different from the Nemacheilus spp. The results showed that these major clades exhibited a close relationship at 100% bootstrap support and were grouped under the genus Nemacheilus. The study on Nemacheilus spp. from the Blitar locality differentiated COI sequences between N. fasciatus and N. chrysolaimos. Additionally, N. chrysolaimos, as inferred from reference sequences, was identified as the ancestral species to N. chrysolaimos MZB 26540 and MZB 26539. ABGD analyses, employing a prior maximal distance of 0.025, also indicated the separation of these species into distinct partitions. The integration of morphology and genetic data for Nemacheilus spp. should provide valuable insights for future genetic population studies and conservation initiatives.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">SEAMEO BIOTROP</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2023-12-07</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:identifier>https://journal.biotrop.org/index.php/biotropia/article/view/1942</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.11598/btb.2023.30.2.1942</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">BIOTROPIA; Vol. 30 No. 3 (2023): BIOTROPIA Vol. 30 No. 3 December 2023; 329 - 345</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1907-770X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0215-6334</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.11598/btb.2023.30.3.</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.biotrop.org/index.php/biotropia/article/view/1942/738</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.biotrop.org/index.php/biotropia/article/view/1942/769</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>10.11598/btb.2023.30.3.738</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>10.11598/btb.2023.30.3.769</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2023 Dwi Rahayu</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</dc:rights>
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