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Kinetic Study of Saponin Extraction from Sapindus rarak DC by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Methods

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis · Vol. ume (2019) · pp. 468–477

DOI
10.9767/bcrec.14.2.4253.468-477
ISSN
1978-2993
Published
2019-08-01
Publisher
Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

Saponin is an important plant-derived compound that is commonly found in sapindaceae plants, such as Sapindus rarak DC. Saponin is extensively used in plenty of industries as a detergent or emulsifying agent in cleansers, shampoos, and cosmetics. The extraction of saponin was previously studied and shows that the extraction assisted by ultrasonic waves was found to be an effective method. However, the previous studies have rarely examined the extraction kinetic study of the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). In the present study, the extraction of saponin from Sapindus rarak DC and its extraction kinetics is conducted. The results show that the highest saponin yield of 354.92 (mg of saponin per gram of dry feed) was obtained from the extraction using a solid-to-liquid (S/L) ratio of 1:50 (w/v) at 50 °C. The amount of extracted saponin increased with the increase of extraction temperature as well as the solute ratio in the solution. However, increasing the temperature to 60 °C decreased the saponin yield. The results of a simple kinetics study of saponin extraction also show that the second-order kinetics model can better describe the UAE process, with an R2 value of 0.929 and a rate coefficient of 0.00495 L.g-1.min-1. The experimental results agree well with the practical calculations obtained using the second-order kinetics model based on an average error of 6.79%.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

15 authors · 49 co-authorship links

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  • Hasanuddin University
  • Affiliation unknown
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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
I Nyoman WidiasaAffiliation unknown4
Alifia Rizki AdinaAffiliation unknown4
RatnawatiAffiliation unknown2
Lu'luatul KhoiriyahAffiliation unknown2
Abdurrahman ZakkiAffiliation unknown2
Heru SusantoAffiliation unknown2
Nur RokhatiAffiliation unknown2
Arnaldi DwilaksitaAffiliation unknown2
Ratnawati RatnawatiHasanuddin University1
Aji PrasetyaningrumAffiliation unknown1
Andri Cahyo KumoroAffiliation unknown1
Misbahudin AlhanifAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/oai, first harvested 8 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Kinetic Study of Saponin Extraction from Sapindus rarak DC by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Methods</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Nafiunisa, Aininu</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Aryanti, Nita</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Wardhani, Dyah Hesti</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Saponin; Sapindus rarak DC; Ultrasound-assisted extraction; Kinetics study</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Saponin is an important plant-derived compound that is commonly found in sapindaceae plants, such as Sapindus rarak DC. Saponin is extensively used in plenty of industries as a detergent or emulsifying agent in cleansers, shampoos, and cosmetics. The extraction of saponin was previously studied and shows that the extraction assisted by ultrasonic waves was found to be an effective method. However, the previous studies have rarely examined the extraction kinetic study of the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). In the present study, the extraction of saponin from Sapindus rarak DC and its extraction kinetics is conducted. The results show that the highest saponin yield of 354.92 (mg of saponin per gram of dry feed) was obtained from the extraction using a solid-to-liquid (S/L) ratio of 1:50 (w/v) at 50 °C. The amount of extracted saponin increased with the increase of extraction temperature as well as the solute ratio in the solution. However, increasing the temperature to 60 °C decreased the saponin yield. The results of a simple kinetics study of saponin extraction also show that the second-order kinetics model can better describe the UAE process, with an R2 value of 0.929 and a rate coefficient of 0.00495 L.g-1.min-1. The experimental results agree well with the practical calculations obtained using the second-order kinetics model based on an average error of 6.79%. </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)</dc:publisher>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US">Diponegoro University for providing the financial support for this study. The research project was funded by the International Publication Research PNBP research grant of Diponegoro University year of 2018 with grant number 385-100/UN7.P4.3/PP/2018</dc:contributor>
	<dc:date>2019-08-01</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
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	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/view/4253</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.9767/bcrec.14.2.4253.468-477</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering &amp; Catalysis; 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 2 Year 2019 (August 2019); 468-477</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1978-2993</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/view/4253/2573</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/downloadSuppFile/4253/969</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/downloadSuppFile/4253/970</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/downloadSuppFile/4253/971</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2019 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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