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Synthesis of Solid Acid Catalyst from Fly Ash for Eugenol Esterification

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis · Vol. ume (2019) · pp. 683–688

DOI
10.9767/bcrec.14.3.4254.683-688
ISSN
1978-2993
Published
2019-12-01
Publisher
Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

A series of fly ash-based heterogeneous acid catalysts were prepared by chemical and thermal treatment. Fly ash was chemically activated using sulfuric acid and followed by thermal activation. Characterization methods of XRD, BET, SEM-EDX, and the performance in esterification of eugenyl acetate production was carried out to reveal the physical and chemical characteristics of prepared catalysts. Activated catalyst showed high silica content (96.5%) and high BET surface area of 70 m2.g-1. The catalyst was proven to be highly active solid acid catalyst for liquid phase esterification of eugenol with acetic acid yielding eugenyl acetate. A yield of 43-48% was obtained with activated fly ash catalysts for 90 minutes reaction. These catalysts may replace beneficially the conventional homogenous liquid acid to the eco-friendly heterogeneous one.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

31 authors · 63 co-authorship links

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  • State University of Semarang
  • Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia
  • Riau University
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Titiek Puji AstutiAffiliation unknown2
Rosi WulandariAffiliation unknown2
Indra Viki HartokoAffiliation unknown2
Muhammad MujiburohmanAffiliation unknown2
Wahib KhoiruddinAffiliation unknown2
Marwan EffendyAffiliation unknown2
Scolastika MarianiState University of Semarang1
Putriaji HendikawatiAffiliation unknown1
Abd Razak ZakariaAffiliation unknown1
Ahmad Yahdil Fata RambeAffiliation unknown1
Miftah Daud TanjungAffiliation unknown1
Enjliana EnjlianaAffiliation unknown1
Cintami FarmawatiAffiliation unknown1
Diah AyuAffiliation unknown1
Rizca AulyanaAffiliation unknown1
Esti Widya AstutiAffiliation unknown1
Kusmiyati KusmiyatiAffiliation unknown1
Didi Dwi AnggoroAffiliation unknown1
Luqman BuchoriAffiliation unknown1
Yayuk MundriyastutikAffiliation unknown1
Sri WidatiAffiliation unknown1
Mardiyono MardiyonoKementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia1
Keith ScottAffiliation unknown1
Nurul QomarRiau University1
Koichi YamamotoAffiliation unknown1
Sigit SutiknoAffiliation unknown1
Ahmad MuhammadAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/oai, first harvested 8 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Synthesis of Solid Acid Catalyst from Fly Ash for Eugenol Esterification</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Hidayati, Nur</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Pujiati, Titik</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Prihandini, Elfrida B.</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Purnama, Herry</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">fly ash; solid acid catalyst; esterification; eugenyl acetate</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">A series of fly ash-based heterogeneous acid catalysts were prepared by chemical and thermal treatment. Fly ash was chemically activated using sulfuric acid and followed by thermal activation. Characterization methods of XRD, BET, SEM-EDX, and the performance in esterification of eugenyl acetate production was carried out to reveal the physical and chemical characteristics of prepared catalysts. Activated catalyst showed high silica content (96.5%) and high BET surface area of 70 m2.g-1. The catalyst was proven to be highly active solid acid catalyst for liquid phase esterification of eugenol with acetic acid yielding eugenyl acetate. A yield of 43-48% was obtained with activated fly ash catalysts for 90 minutes reaction. These catalysts may replace beneficially the conventional homogenous liquid acid to the eco-friendly heterogeneous one. </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)</dc:publisher>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US"></dc:contributor>
	<dc:date>2019-12-01</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:identifier>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/view/4254</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.9767/bcrec.14.3.4254.683-688</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering &amp; Catalysis; 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019); 683-688</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1978-2993</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/view/4254/2672</dc:relation>
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	<dc:relation>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/downloadSuppFile/4254/973</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/downloadSuppFile/4254/974</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2019 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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