Melola Discovery

← Melola Discovery

Open access Journal SINTA 1

Synthesis of Fluorite (CaF2) Crystal from Gypsum Waste of Phosphoric Acid Factory in Silica Gel

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis · Vol. ume (2012) · pp. 71–77

DOI
10.9767/bcrec.7.1.3171.71-77
ISSN
1978-2993
Published
2012-06-20
Publisher
Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

This paper report the synthesis and characterization of fluorite single crystal prepared from gypsum waste of phosphoric acid production in silica gel. Instead of its high calcium, gypsum was used to recycle the waste which was massively produces in the phosphoric acid production. The gypsum waste, the raw material of CaCl2 supernatant, was dissolved in concentrated HCl and then precipitated as calcium oxalate (CaC2O4) by addition of ammonium oxalate. The CaCl2 was obtained by dissolving the CaC2O4 with HCl 3M. The crystals were grown at room temperature in silica gel and characterized by AAS, FTIR and powder XRD. The optimum crystal growth condition, which is pH of gel, CaCl2 concentration and growth time, were investigated. The result shows that at optimum condition of pH 5.80, CaCl2 concentrations of 1.2 M, and growth time of 144 hours, colorless crystals with the longest size of 3 mm, were obtained (72.57%). Characterization of the synthesized crystal by AAS indicates that the obtained crystal has high purity. Meanwhile, analysis by FTIR spectra shows a Ca–F peak at 775 cm-1, and powder-XRD analysis confirms that the obtained crystal was fluorite (CaF2). © 2012 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

14 authors · 45 co-authorship links · 30 across different organisations

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • University of Brawijaya
  • Mulawarman University
  • Universitas Jambi
  • University of Warwick
  • Xiamen University Malaysia
  • University of Technology Malaysia
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Nazarudin NazarudinUniversitas Jambi1
Mukhamad NurhadiMulawarman University1
Wirhanuddin WirhanuddinMulawarman University1
Hadi NurUniversity of Technology Malaysia1
Sin Yuan LaiXiamen University Malaysia1
Teguh WirawanMulawarman University1
Soerja KoesnarpadiMulawarman University1
Volkan DegirmenciUniversity of Warwick1
Siti Mariyah UlfaUniversity of Brawijaya1
Ahmad Sholeh RomdlonUniversity of Brawijaya1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/oai, first harvested 8 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Synthesis of Fluorite (CaF2) Crystal from Gypsum Waste of Phosphoric Acid Factory in Silica Gel</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Khunur, Mohammad Misbah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Risdianto, Andri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Mutrofin, Siti</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Prananto, Yuniar Ponco</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">minerals; calcium; by-product; gel method; supernatant</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">This paper report the synthesis and characterization of fluorite single crystal prepared from gypsum waste of phosphoric acid production in silica gel. Instead of its high calcium, gypsum was used to recycle the waste which was massively produces in the phosphoric acid production. The gypsum waste, the raw material of CaCl2 supernatant, was dissolved in concentrated HCl and then precipitated as calcium oxalate (CaC2O4) by addition of ammonium oxalate. The CaCl2 was obtained by dissolving the CaC2O4 with HCl 3M. The crystals were grown at room temperature in silica gel and characterized by AAS, FTIR and powder XRD. The optimum crystal growth condition, which is pH of gel, CaCl2 concentration and growth time, were investigated. The result shows that at optimum condition of pH 5.80, CaCl2 concentrations of 1.2 M, and growth time of 144 hours, colorless crystals with the longest size of 3 mm, were obtained (72.57%). Characterization of the synthesized crystal by AAS indicates that the obtained crystal has high purity. Meanwhile, analysis by FTIR spectra shows a Ca–F peak at 775 cm-1, and powder-XRD analysis confirms that the obtained crystal was fluorite (CaF2). © 2012 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)</dc:publisher>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US">Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University</dc:contributor>
	<dc:date>2012-06-20</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US"></dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/view/19591</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.9767/bcrec.7.1.3171.71-77</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering &amp; Catalysis; 2012: BCREC Volume 7 Issue 1 Year 2012 (June 2012); 71-77</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1978-2993</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/view/19591/9467</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2012 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>