Melola Discovery

← Melola Discovery

Open access Journal SINTA 1

An augmented reality smart module for critical thinking in pre-service teachers learning megalithic history

Cakrawala Pendidikan · Vol. 45 No. 3 (2026)

DOI
10.21831/cp.v45i3.88828
ISSN
2442-8620, 0216-1370
Published
2026-10-19
Publisher
LPMPP Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

Learning megalithic history requires students to connect artifact features with historical evidence. This study developed and appraised an augmented reality (AR) Smart Module using ADDIE and compared critical-thinking test performance in four intact classes at Universitas Tadulako. The pretest–posttest study included 122 undergraduate history education students, with 61 in each condition. Five experts rated ten assessment items; recalculated Aiken’s V ranged from.600 to 1.000, with a mean of.853. AR posttest scores averaged 7.800 (SD 1.012), compared with 6.171 (SD 1.205) for lecture-based instruction. ANCOVA including pretest, cohort, and group × cohort gave an adjusted difference of 1.637 points (95% CI [1.245, 2.028]), F(1,117) = 68.551, p = 2.30 × 10⁻¹³, partial η² =.369. Mean gains were 2.801 and 1.170; the gain comparison gave t(120) = 6.127, p = 1.17 × 10⁻⁸, d = 1.109. The results show stronger critical-thinking test performance for students using the AR Smart Module in this classroom comparison. Globally, the study offers a design sequence for connecting digital heritage representations with contextual evidence and evidence-based historical reasoning.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 90 co-authorship links · 2 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • State University of Makassar
  • Maharshi Dayanand University
  • Universitas Mercu Buana Yogyakarta
  • Padjadjaran University
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Johan SetiawanAffiliation unknown3
Ajat SudrajatUniversitas Mercu Buana Yogyakarta2
Muhammad Rijal FadliAffiliation unknown2
Rajender Singh ChhillarMaharshi Dayanand University1
Resekiani Mas BakarState University of Makassar1
Fitriani AyuState University of Makassar1
Nur RohmanAffiliation unknown1
Fernanda RegitaniaAffiliation unknown1
Zaenul WafaAffiliation unknown1
Muhamad Auna Febrian RobaniAffiliation unknown1
Razan Hafiz GhaisanAffiliation unknown1
HasanAffiliation unknown1
BahriAffiliation unknown1
AmriAffiliation unknown1
Nuraedah NuraedahAffiliation unknown1
Mahfud M GamarAffiliation unknown1
Yuliana YulianaAffiliation unknown1
Gina SakinahAffiliation unknown1
Ramdhani Irma TripalupiAffiliation unknown1
Rika AfriantiAffiliation unknown1
Siti Asma' Binti Mohd RosdiAffiliation unknown1
Nana DianaAffiliation unknown1
Jaenudin JaenudinAffiliation unknown1
Iwan SetiawanPadjadjaran University1
Dudang GojaliAffiliation unknown1
Yusef YakubiAffiliation unknown1
Yulia Fithriany RahmahAffiliation unknown1
Budi BudimanAffiliation unknown1
Yulia FithrianyAffiliation unknown1
Kadar NurjamanAffiliation unknown1
Cupian CupianAffiliation unknown1
Esa KurniaAffiliation unknown1
Rega RamadhaniAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/cp/oai, first harvested 8 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">An augmented reality smart module for critical thinking in pre-service teachers learning megalithic history</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Nadjamuddin, Lukman</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Rore, Idrus</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Windayanti</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Lumangino, Wilman</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Zaky, Muhammad</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Tadeko, Nurgan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Aman, Aman</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Augmented reality</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">history education</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">cultural heritage</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">educational technology</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">critical thinking</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Learning megalithic history requires students to connect artifact features with historical evidence. This study developed and appraised an augmented reality (AR) Smart Module using ADDIE and compared critical-thinking test performance in four intact classes at Universitas Tadulako. The pretest–posttest study included 122 undergraduate history education students, with 61 in each condition. Five experts rated ten assessment items; recalculated Aiken’s V ranged from .600 to 1.000, with a mean of .853. AR posttest scores averaged 7.800 (SD 1.012), compared with 6.171 (SD 1.205) for lecture-based instruction. ANCOVA including pretest, cohort, and group × cohort gave an adjusted difference of 1.637 points (95% CI [1.245, 2.028]), F(1,117) = 68.551, p = 2.30 × 10⁻¹³, partial η² = .369. Mean gains were 2.801 and 1.170; the gain comparison gave t(120) = 6.127, p = 1.17 × 10⁻⁸, d = 1.109. The results show stronger critical-thinking test performance for students using the AR Smart Module in this classroom comparison. Globally, the study offers a design sequence for connecting digital heritage representations with contextual evidence and evidence-based historical reasoning.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">LPMPP Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-10-19</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/cp/article/view/88828</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.21831/cp.v45i3.88828</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan; Vol. 45 No. 3 (2026): Cakrawala Pendidikan (October 2026)</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2442-8620</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0216-1370</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.21831/cp.v45i3</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/cp/article/view/88828/26399</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2026 Lukman Nadjamuddin, Idrus Rore, Windayanti, Wilman Lumangino, Muhammad Zaky, Nurgan Tadeko</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>