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Halotolerant Rhizobacteria Isolated from Salinity-Impacted Marginal Soils: Characterization and Potential for Plant Growth Promotion

Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture · Vol. 40 No. 4 (2025) · pp. 510–526

DOI
10.20961/carakatani.v40i4.107138
ISSN
2599-2570, 2613-9456
Published
2025-09-30
Publisher
Universitas Sebelas Maret
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

Abstract

Soil salinity is a significant constraint on crop productivity, particularly in marginal lands, and sustainable biological approaches are needed to mitigate its impact. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) with halotolerance represent promising candidates for enhancing plant resilience under saline stress. This study aimed to isolate halotolerant PGPR from saline-impacted soils in Pekalongan, Indonesia, and evaluate their potential to improve plant growth under salinity stress. Five bacterial isolates (WN-01 to WN-05) were successfully obtained. The isolates displayed multiple PGPR traits, including nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) synthesis, siderophore release, cellulase activity, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity, exopolysaccharide production, and tolerance to salinity up to 9% NaCl. Molecular identification confirmed the isolates as Bacillus subtilis (WN-01), Priestia megaterium (WN-02), Pseudomonas segetis (WN-03), Bacillus pumilus (WN-04), and Bacillus cereus (WN-05). Compatibility analysis indicated their potential to be formulated as a consortium bioinoculant. In vivo pot experiments using sweet maize (Zea mays saccharata var. Bonanza F1) under saline conditions (4 dS m-1) showed that consortium application, especially at 10⁸ CFU ml-1, significantly enhanced plant height, leaf surface area, and chlorophyll content. Moreover, the total microbial population in soil increased proportionally with inoculum density, with the highest values recorded in the 10⁸ CFU ml-1 treatment. These findings demonstrate that local halotolerant PGPR have strong potential as bioinoculants to support crop growth and soil health in saline-impacted marginal lands.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 78 co-authorship links · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Tanjungpura University
  • Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Indonesia University of Education
  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Sebelas Maret University
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Hanindyo AdiAffiliation unknown3
Siti SumarmiAffiliation unknown3
Budi Setiadi DaryonoAffiliation unknown3
Suwarno HadisusantoUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Abdulrahman Saad AldawoodAffiliation unknown2
Wahyu WilopoAffiliation unknown2
Hari PurwantoAffiliation unknown2
R.C. Hidayat SoesilohadiAffiliation unknown2
Lilik HasanahIndonesia University of Education2
Mursal MursalAffiliation unknown2
Satria Zulkarnaen BisriAffiliation unknown2
La Ode Ali Imran AhmadUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Amrin FarzanAffiliation unknown1
Wanti FitriantiAffiliation unknown1
Wanti FitriantiTanjungpura University1
Marisi AritonangTanjungpura University1
Sukirno SukirnoAffiliation unknown1
Sri KasmiyatiAffiliation unknown1
Otilda Fátima AraújoAffiliation unknown1
Elizabeth Betty Elok KristianiAffiliation unknown1
Waluyo WaluyoAffiliation unknown1
Afriana SariAffiliation unknown1
Rostika FloraAffiliation unknown1
Roni Zakaria ShaputraAffiliation unknown1
Margareth Tutut Maharani PrakosoAffiliation unknown1
Sudaryatno SudaryatnoAffiliation unknown1
Ketut Arte WidaneAffiliation unknown1
Annisaa WidyasariAffiliation unknown1
Marta PramuditaAffiliation unknown1
Mohammad NasikinAffiliation unknown1
Slamet SlametSebelas Maret University1
Athiek Sri RedjekiAffiliation unknown1
Yeni Nur PrilanitaAffiliation unknown1
Hastini Ma'rufahAffiliation unknown1
L. Hartanto NugrohoAffiliation unknown1
Ign. SudaryadiAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://jurnal.uns.ac.id/carakatani/oai, first harvested 8 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Halotolerant Rhizobacteria Isolated from Salinity-Impacted Marginal Soils: Characterization and Potential for Plant Growth Promotion</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Putri, Syarafina Ratna</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Nugroho, Laurentius Hartanto</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Sukirno, Sukirno</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Retnaningrum, Endah</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Agricultural Microbiology; Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria; Soil Biology; Sustainable Agriculture; Plant Physiology</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">ACC deaminase; bioinoculant; halotolerant rhizobacteria; phosphate solubilization; salinity stress</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Soil salinity is a significant constraint on crop productivity, particularly in marginal lands, and sustainable biological approaches are needed to mitigate its impact. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) with halotolerance represent promising candidates for enhancing plant resilience under saline stress. This study aimed to isolate halotolerant PGPR from saline-impacted soils in Pekalongan, Indonesia, and evaluate their potential to improve plant growth under salinity stress. Five bacterial isolates (WN-01 to WN-05) were successfully obtained. The isolates displayed multiple PGPR traits, including nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) synthesis, siderophore release, cellulase activity, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity, exopolysaccharide production, and tolerance to salinity up to 9% NaCl. Molecular identification confirmed the isolates as Bacillus subtilis (WN-01), Priestia megaterium (WN-02), Pseudomonas segetis (WN-03), Bacillus pumilus (WN-04), and Bacillus cereus (WN-05). Compatibility analysis indicated their potential to be formulated as a consortium bioinoculant. In vivo pot experiments using sweet maize (Zea mays saccharata var. Bonanza F1) under saline conditions (4 dS m-1) showed that consortium application, especially at 10⁸ CFU ml-1, significantly enhanced plant height, leaf surface area, and chlorophyll content. Moreover, the total microbial population in soil increased proportionally with inoculum density, with the highest values recorded in the 10⁸ CFU ml-1 treatment. These findings demonstrate that local halotolerant PGPR have strong potential as bioinoculants to support crop growth and soil health in saline-impacted marginal lands.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Universitas Sebelas Maret</dc:publisher>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US">Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada</dc:contributor>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US">Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (LPDP), Ministry of Finance, Republic of Indonesia</dc:contributor>
	<dc:date>2025-09-30</dc:date>
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	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/carakatani/article/view/107138</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20961/carakatani.v40i4.107138</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture; Vol 40, No 4 (2025): October; 510-526</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2599-2570</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2613-9456</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/carakatani/article/view/107138/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/carakatani/article/downloadSuppFile/107138/22839</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/carakatani/article/downloadSuppFile/107138/22840</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2025 Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</dc:rights>
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