Open access Journal SINTA 1
The Spread of Rumors in Society: A Mathematical Modeling Approach in Election Case Studies
Penyebaran Rumor dalam Masyarakat: Sebuah Pendekatan Pemodelan Matematika dalam Studi Kasus Pemilihan Umum
Communication in Biomathematical Sciences · Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024) · pp. 202–218
- ISSN
- 2549-2896
- Published
- 2024-12-30
- Publisher
- The Indonesian Bio-Mathematical Society
- Language
- eng
Abstract
English
Rumors can be defined as unverified information or statements shared by people that may be positive or negative and circulate without confirmation. Since humans naturally seek factual information for social and self-enhancement purposes, rumors become an inevitable aspect of human life, including in politics, such as elections. The complexity of the electoral process, with various factors such as individual candidates, social circumstances, and particularly the media, leads to the dynamic spread of rumors in society. Thus, it is both interesting and important to understand the dynamics of rumor spreading, particularly in the context of elections. In this article, we formulate a mathematical model of rumor spread dynamics based on different attitudes of people toward rumors. The model considers the spread of rumors about two candidates in the electoral context. From the model, we derived and investigated the basic reproductive number (R0) as a threshold for rumor spread and conducted a sensitivity analysis with respect to all the model parameters. Based on numerical experiments and simulations, it was revealed that the number of people resistant to or disbelieving in rumors increases significantly in the first ten days and remains higher than other subpopulations for at least after first seven days. Furthermore, we found that a high number of people directly affected by rumors, combined with the rumor transmission rate for both candidates being greater than each other, are necessary and sufficient conditions for rumors to circulate rapidly and remain stable in society. The results of this study can be interpreted and considered as a campaign strategy in an electoral context.
Indonesian
Rumor dapat didefinisikan sebagai informasi atau pernyataan yang belum terverifikasi yang dibagikan oleh orang-orang, dapat berupa positif atau negatif, dan beredar tanpa konfirmasi. Karena manusia secara alamiah berusaha mencari informasi faktual untuk sosial dan pengembangan dirinya, rumor menjadi aspek yang tak terhindarkan dalam kehidupan manusia, termasuk dalam politik, seperti pemilihan umum. Kompleksitas proses pemilihan umum, dengan berbagai faktor yang terlibat seperti kandidat individu, sosial, dan terutama media, menyebabkan penyebaran rumor yang dinamis dalam masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, menarik sekaligus penting untuk memahami dinamika penyebaran rumor, khususnya dalam konteks pemilihan umum. Dalam artikel ini, kami memformulasikan model matematika dinamika penyebaran rumor berdasarkan perbedaan sikap yang dimiliki orang terhadap rumor. Model ini mempertimbangkan penyebaran rumor tentang dua kandidat dalam konteks pemilihan umum. Dari model tersebut, kami memperoleh dan menyelidiki bilangan reproduksi dasar (R0) sebagai acuan untuk penyebaran rumor dan melakukan analisis sensitivitas terhadap semua parameter model. Berdasarkan eksperimen numerik dan simulasi, terungkap bahwa jumlah orang yang resisten atau tidak percaya pada rumor meningkat secara signifikan dalam sepuluh hari pertama dan tetap lebih tinggi daripada subpopulasi lainnya setidaknya setelah tujuh hari pertama. Selain itu, kami menemukan bahwa jumlah orang yang terpengaruh langsung dengan rumor, dikombinasikan dengan laju penyebaran rumor untuk kedua kandidat yang lebih besar satu sama lain, merupakan kondisi yang diperlukan dan cukup untuk rumor dapat beredar dengan cepat dan tetap stabil di masyarakat. Hasil dalam studi ini dapat diinterpretasikan dan dipertimbangkan sebagai suatu strategi kampanye dalam konteks pemilihan umum.
Keywords
Collaboration network of the authors
40 authors · 119 co-authorship links · 4 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected
Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.
- Bandung Institute of Technology
- National Research and Innovation Agency
- Institut Teknologi Kalimantan
- Mulawarman University
- Affiliation unknown
- Different organisations
- Same organisation
- Affiliation unknown
- Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
| Co-author | Organisation | Joint articles |
|---|---|---|
| Muhammad Fakhruddin | Affiliation unknown | 4 |
| Edy Soewono | Affiliation unknown | 3 |
| Mochamad Apri | Bandung Institute of Technology | 3 |
| Hadi Susanto | National Research and Innovation Agency | 2 |
| Mia Siti Khumaeroh | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Karunia Putra Wijaya | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Ilham Saiful Fauzi | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Yenie Syukriyah | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Rudy Kusdiantara | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Kamal Khairudin | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Vania Mene Risriani | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Tjandra Anggraeni | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Anita Triska | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Mona Zevika | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Glenn Lahodny Jr. | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| . Farida | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Hilda Fahlena | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Widya Oktaviana | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| . Sudirman | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| DILA PUSPITA | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Agus Hasan | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Yuki Nasution | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Endah Putri | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Venansius Tjahjono | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Kamal Sukandar | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Widyastuti | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Nadia | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Chai Jian Tay | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Afdol Zikri | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Sila Rizqina | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Kamal Khairudin Sukandar | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Retno Wahyu Dewanti | Institut Teknologi Kalimantan | 1 |
| Wisnu Prasojo Widianto | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Seprianus | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Suhadi Wido Saputro | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Yuki Novia Nasution | Mulawarman University | 1 |
Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.