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Microwave-assisted extraction of eco-friendly surfactant from Jatropha curcas for sustainable solubilization of reactive dyes

Communications in Science and Technology · Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025) · pp. 52–58

DOI
10.21924/cst.10.1.2025.1636
ISSN
2502-9266, 2502-9258
Published
2025-07-31
Publisher
Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia
Language
eng

Abstract

Natural surfactants derived from plant-based sources, such as saponins, remain underexplored. This study developed the extraction of saponins from Jatropha curcas leaves using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) finding that the optimized condition of 3 min, 363.15 K, 30 mL/g ratio of extraction yielded the highest saponin content of 35.04 mg/g. The FTIR and HPLC analyses confirmed the structural similarity between the extract and commercial saponin. Additionally, the extracted saponins effectively solubilized Remazol Red RB and Blue TQ with solubilization efficiency increasing proportionally to the surfactant concentration. The surfactant properties of the extracted saponin were also confirmed by its ability to form foam and high critical micellar concentration, which revealed the potential for material valorization. This work demonstrated that the development of plant-based surfactants provides a sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants. Moreover, valorizing natural materials contributes to the advancement of eco-friendly technologies, particularly in waste treatment and water purification applications.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 161 co-authorship links · showing the 40 most connected

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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Heru SusantoAffiliation unknown5
Nur RokhatiAffiliation unknown5
MusakkirAffiliation unknown2
SlametAffiliation unknown2
Dessy AriyantiAffiliation unknown2
Dyah Hesti WardhaniAffiliation unknown2
IntiraAffiliation unknown1
Hardiyanti RahmayanaAffiliation unknown1
Nurul Handayani BasriAffiliation unknown1
Amir IlyasAffiliation unknown1
Ully Tasya SimanungkalitAffiliation unknown1
Arnida MustafaAffiliation unknown1
Irma WahyuningtyasAffiliation unknown1
Abdul Rasyid ZartaAffiliation unknown1
Teguh Rizali ZahroniAffiliation unknown1
Cici AnisaAffiliation unknown1
Muhammad Rafli AkbarAffiliation unknown1
Jane Secilia WidodoAffiliation unknown1
Janice Celsia WidodoAffiliation unknown1
Fatmawati AfandiAffiliation unknown1
Fransisco Carles GelungAffiliation unknown1
Diana KristinAffiliation unknown1
Brayen Daniel RajaluhuAffiliation unknown1
Martinus YanAffiliation unknown1
Ridho PrasetyoAffiliation unknown1
Syakilla Adha NandiantaAffiliation unknown1
Aji PrasetyaningrumAffiliation unknown1
Teguh RiyantoAffiliation unknown1
Widyah AnggrainiAffiliation unknown1
Akbar NugrohoAffiliation unknown1
Nasyriyatul Hana NovitaAffiliation unknown1
Pertiwi AndaraniAffiliation unknown1
Calvin SantosoAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://cst.kipmi.or.id/oai, first harvested 8 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Microwave-assisted extraction of eco-friendly surfactant from Jatropha curcas for sustainable solubilization of reactive dyes</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Aryanti, Nita</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Khoiriyah, Lu'luatul</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Nafiunisa, Aininu</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ratnawati</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Widiasa, I Nyoman</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Zakki, Abdurrahman</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Adina, Alifia Rizki</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Natural Surfactant</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">critical micelle concentration</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">surfactant micelles</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">microwave-assisted extraction</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Natural surfactants derived from plant-based sources, such as saponins, remain underexplored. This study developed the extraction of saponins from Jatropha curcas leaves using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) finding that the optimized condition of 3 min, 363.15 K, 30 mL/g ratio of extraction yielded the highest saponin content of 35.04 mg/g. The FTIR and HPLC analyses confirmed the structural similarity between the extract and commercial saponin. Additionally, the extracted saponins effectively solubilized Remazol Red RB and Blue TQ with solubilization efficiency increasing proportionally to the surfactant concentration. The surfactant properties of the extracted saponin were also confirmed by its ability to form foam and high critical micellar concentration, which revealed the potential for material valorization. This work demonstrated that the development of plant-based surfactants provides a sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants. Moreover, valorizing natural materials contributes to the advancement of eco-friendly technologies, particularly in waste treatment and water purification applications.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-07-31</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://cst.kipmi.or.id/journal/article/view/1636</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.21924/cst.10.1.2025.1636</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Communications in Science and Technology; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025); 52-58</dc:source>
	<dc:source xml:lang="id-ID">Communications in Science and Technology; Vol 10 No 1 (2025); 52-58</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2502-9266</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2502-9258</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.21924/cst.10.1.2025</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://cst.kipmi.or.id/journal/article/view/1636/209</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2025 Communications in Science and Technology</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>