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Correlation of Bio-physicochemical Factors with the Expansion of Mangrove Forests in Laikang Bay, Indonesia

ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences · Vol. 29 No. 4 (2024) · pp. 467–480

DOI
10.14710/ik.ijms.29.4.467-480
ISSN
2406-7598, 0853-7291
Published
2024-12-11
Publisher
Marine Science Department Diponegoro University
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

The bio-physicochemical conditions of seawater are critically important in the rate of expansion of mangrove forests. This study aims to assess the driving factors of mangrove forest expansion with bio-physicochemical water quality analysis using the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) method in Laikang Bay, Indonesia. Water quality analysis included measurements of NO3, PO4, kH, salinity, current speed, brightness (D3), NO2, pH, and chlorophyll-a levels (bio-physicochemical factors). This research adopts quantitative methods, with data collected from 42 specific locations between 12:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. The observation data was gathered using the stratified random sampling method. Spatial distribution mapping of mangroves and observation data were analyzed using Euclidean nearest neighbor distance with ArcGIS software version 8.1. The MaxEnt method was applied to investigate the percentage contribution of water quality on the distribution of mangroves. The results of this study indicate that the most significant factor contributing to the growth and expansion of mangrove forests in Laikang Bay is the PO4 content, with a contribution value of 47.4%. The PO4 concentration ranges from 0.10 to 1.40 mg.100g-1, with a concentration of approximately 0.10 mg.100g-1 having the greatest impact. Meanwhile, the less influential factor is brightness (D3), with a contribution value of 0.3%. These results indicate that to maintain the growth and expansion of mangrove forests in Laikang Bay, it is necessary to maintain the levels of these influential variables.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 86 co-authorship links · 10 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Universitas Jambi
  • Diponegoro University
  • Universitas Sulawesi Tenggara
  • Padjadjaran University
  • Universitas Cokroaminoto Makassar
  • Indonesia University of Education
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Wiji WijiIndonesia University of Education4
Tuszie WidhiyantiAffiliation unknown3
Dini RudiniAffiliation unknown3
Sri WarsiniAffiliation unknown2
Nurlinawati NurlinawatiAffiliation unknown2
Fadliyana EkawatyAffiliation unknown2
Andika SulistiawanAffiliation unknown2
Nurlinawati - -Affiliation unknown2
Fitri YantiAffiliation unknown2
Suryadi Budi UtomoAffiliation unknown2
Sri Retno Dwi ArianiAffiliation unknown2
Muhammad Hizbul WathonAffiliation unknown2
Yohana Feynendra DaeliAffiliation unknown1
Yoyok Budi PramonoDiponegoro University1
Sri KhayatiUniversitas Sulawesi Tenggara1
Rifkah Anniza RahmanUniversitas Sulawesi Tenggara1
Alimuddin AlimuddinAffiliation unknown1
Hery SupratmanPadjadjaran University1
Rahmad Fani RamadhanPadjadjaran University1
Andi AbrianaAffiliation unknown1
Erni IndrawatiAffiliation unknown1
Rahmawati RahmanAffiliation unknown1
Sri MulyaniUniversitas Jambi1
Muthia MutmainnahUniversitas Jambi1
Meinarisa MeinarisaUniversitas Jambi1
Nur Asia UmarUniversitas Cokroaminoto Makassar1
Ida SuryaniUniversitas Cokroaminoto Makassar1
Dian SavitriAffiliation unknown1
Ninuk LustyantieAffiliation unknown1
Wiwin LismidiatiAffiliation unknown1
Lintang Ayu SumekarAffiliation unknown1
Wenny Artanty NismanAffiliation unknown1
Ika ParmawatiAffiliation unknown1
Anis WidyasariAffiliation unknown1
Puspa Silvia JatiAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ijms/oai, first harvested 8 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Correlation of Bio-physicochemical Factors with the Expansion of Mangrove Forests in Laikang Bay, Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Mulyani, Sri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Surya, Batara</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Rasyidi, Emil Salim</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Muhibuddin, Andi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Mahmud, Haris</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Mangrove Expansion; Mangrove Ecosystem; Bio-physicochemical Factors; Water Quality; MaxEnt</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">The bio-physicochemical conditions of seawater are critically important in the rate of expansion of mangrove forests. This study aims to assess the driving factors of mangrove forest expansion with bio-physicochemical water quality analysis using the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) method in Laikang Bay, Indonesia. Water quality analysis included measurements of NO3, PO4, kH, salinity, current speed, brightness (D3), NO2, pH, and chlorophyll-a levels (bio-physicochemical factors). This research adopts quantitative methods, with data collected from 42 specific locations between 12:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. The observation data was gathered using the stratified random sampling method. Spatial distribution mapping of mangroves and observation data were analyzed using Euclidean nearest neighbor distance with ArcGIS software version 8.1. The MaxEnt method was applied to investigate the percentage contribution of water quality on the distribution of mangroves. The results of this study indicate that the most significant factor contributing to the growth and expansion of mangrove forests in Laikang Bay is the PO4 content, with a contribution value of 47.4%. The PO4 concentration ranges from 0.10 to 1.40 mg.100g-1, with a concentration of approximately 0.10 mg.100g-1 having the greatest impact. Meanwhile, the less influential factor is brightness (D3), with a contribution value of 0.3%. These results indicate that to maintain the growth and expansion of mangrove forests in Laikang Bay, it is necessary to maintain the levels of these influential variables.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Marine Science Department Diponegoro University</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2024-12-11</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:identifier>https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ijms/article/view/65063</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.14710/ik.ijms.29.4.467-480</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences; Vol 29, No 4 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan; 467-480</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2406-7598</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0853-7291</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
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	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2024 ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences</dc:rights>
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