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Improving Elementary School Students’ Critical Thinking Skill in Science through HOTS-based Science Questions: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia · Vol. 10 No. 3 (2021) · pp. 378–386

DOI
10.15294/jpii.v10i3.30891
ISSN
2089-4392, 2339-1286
Published
2021-09-29
Publisher
Program Studi Pendidikan IPA Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (FMIPA)
Language
eng

Abstract

There have been many efforts to improve elementary school students’ critical thinking skills in science through various learning methods. However, only a few research results show efforts to improve critical thinking skills through HOTS-based science questions for elementary school students. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of student habituation with HOTS-based science questions in improving elementary school students’ critical thinking skills in science. Quasi-experimental methods were employed in this research with a nonequivalent control group design involving a treatment class and a control class. The treatment class gets treatment in HOTS-based science questions habituation during the learning process, while the control class in conventional approaches. A total of 60 students is from one of the elementary schools in Surakarta, Indonesia. To take data related to students’ critical thinking skills, they were given pretest and posttest where each test used HOTS-based science questions in an essay. The obtained data from the tests were then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. This study showed that the average of critical thinking skills in science of students in the experimental class was higher than the control class, with a positive mean difference of 0.4226. Based on these results, it is recommended that the results of this study can provide an overview to educational practitioners at the elementary school level and researchers in the field of science education related to efforts to improve elementary school students’ critical thinking skills in science through the habituation of HOTS-based science questions.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 114 co-authorship links · 44 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
  • Universitas Muhammadiyah Madiun
  • King Abdulaziz University
  • National Research and Innovation Agency
  • Kanazawa University
  • University of Malaya
  • University of Szeged
  • Other organisations
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Rafiza Abdul RazakUniversity of Malaya3
Miftachul HudaAffiliation unknown3
Adi NurcahyoMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta3
Mohamad WaluyoUniversity of Szeged3
Sutama SutamaMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta3
Sabar NarimoAffiliation unknown3
HUSNI MUBAROKAffiliation unknown3
Maram MeccawyKing Abdulaziz University3
Tariq Jamil Saifullah KhanzadaKing Abdulaziz University3
Janu ArlinwibowoNational Research and Innovation Agency2
Anam SutopoMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta2
Bambang SumardjokoAffiliation unknown2
Millenia HanifahMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta2
S SutamaMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta2
N. B. M. IdrusAffiliation unknown2
Fatimah YulianiAffiliation unknown2
Siti Hajar HaliliAffiliation unknown1
Adi JufriansahAffiliation unknown1
Muhammad Noor KholidMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta1
Asyifa Nur AfiyahMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta1
Pasttita Ayu LaksmiwatiJohannes Kepler University of Linz1
Sri SutarniMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta1
Alma Yasinta Candra PratiwiMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta1
Lenny Puspita DewiUniversitas Muhammadiyah Madiun1
Yan Aditya PradanaUniversitas Muhammadiyah Madiun1
Dian Ardifah IswariUniversitas Muhammadiyah Madiun1
Muhammad Qolbi ShobriAndalas University1
Citra Kusuma PratiwiUniversitas Muhammadiyah Madiun1
Yulia LinguistikaThe University of Adelaide1
D. PurwokoNational Research and Innovation Agency1
S. SupraptoNational Research and Innovation Agency1
Sonny ZulhudaAffiliation unknown1
Mohamad AliAffiliation unknown1
Gamal Abdul Nasir ZakariaAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/jpii/oai, first harvested 29 Oct 2026, last seen 1 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Improving Elementary School Students’ Critical Thinking Skill in Science through HOTS-based Science Questions: A Quasi-Experimental Study</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Sidiq, Y.</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ishartono, N.</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Desstya, A.</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Prayitno, H. J.</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Anif, S.</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Hidayat, M. L.</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">HOTS; critical thinking; Cohen’s Kappa; semantic differential scale</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">There have been many efforts to improve elementary school students’ critical thinking skills in science through various learning methods. However, only a few research results show efforts to improve critical thinking skills through HOTS-based science questions for elementary school students. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of student habituation with HOTS-based science questions in improving elementary school students’ critical thinking skills in science. Quasi-experimental methods were employed in this research with a nonequivalent control group design involving a treatment class and a control class. The treatment class gets treatment in HOTS-based science questions habituation during the learning process, while the control class in conventional approaches. A total of 60 students is from one of the elementary schools in Surakarta, Indonesia. To take data related to students’ critical thinking skills, they were given pretest and posttest where each test used HOTS-based science questions in an essay. The obtained data from the tests were then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. This study showed that the average of critical thinking skills in science of students in the experimental class was higher than the control class, with a positive mean difference of 0.4226. Based on these results, it is recommended that the results of this study can provide an overview to educational practitioners at the elementary school level and researchers in the field of science education related to efforts to improve elementary school students’ critical thinking skills in science through the habituation of HOTS-based science questions.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Program Studi Pendidikan IPA Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (FMIPA)</dc:publisher>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US">Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta</dc:contributor>
	<dc:date>2021-09-29</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/jpii/article/view/30891</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jpii.v10i3.30891</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia; Vol 10, No 3 (2021): September 2021; 378-386</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2089-4392</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2339-1286</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jpii.v10i3</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/jpii/article/view/30891/12022</dc:relation>
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	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia</dc:rights>
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