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Fuzzy logic-based adaptive virtual inertia control for enhancing frequency stability in low-inertia microgrids

International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems · Vol. 16 No. 3 (2025) · pp. 2005–2016

DOI
10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i3.pp2005-2016
ISSN
2722-256X, 2088-8694
Published
2025-09-01
Publisher
Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

The increasing integration of renewable energy sources (RES) is accelerating the shift from traditional synchronous machine-based power systems to inverter-dominated grids. This transition poses significant frequency stability challenges, as power electronic interfaces lack the inherent kinetic energy storage of conventional generators, resulting in low system inertia. To address these challenges, this study proposes an adaptive virtual inertia control system based on fuzzy logic, which offers notable advancements in frequency dynamics. The proposed controller dynamically adjusts the virtual inertia constant in real-time by leveraging inputs such as frequency and the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF). This adaptive approach overcomes the limitations of fixed inertia systems, ensuring improved frequency stability and superior transient performance during load disturbances. Simulation results validate the system's effectiveness, showing reduced frequency overshoots, minimized deviations, and faster recovery to nominal frequency compared to conventional fixed inertia methods. By rapidly damping oscillations and enhancing transient stability, the proposed system significantly outperforms traditional techniques. Moreover, the study reviews current virtual inertia strategies, control topologies, and explores future research directions for integrating advanced virtual inertia into modern grids. These findings demonstrate the robustness of fuzzy logic based adaptive inertia for stabilizing low-inertia microgrids with high RES penetration.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

9 authors · 21 co-authorship links · 12 across different organisations

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Abdelmalek Essaâdi University
  • Université Hassan 1er
  • Université du Québec en Outaouais
  • Université du Québec
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Jamal ZbitouUniversité Hassan 1er1
Otman OulhajAbdelmalek Essaâdi University1
Ahmed LakhssassiUniversité du Québec1
Amina AghanimAbdelmalek Essaâdi University1
Aziz OukairaUniversité du Québec en Outaouais1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://ijpeds.iaescore.com/index.php/IJPEDS/oai, first harvested 8 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Fuzzy logic-based adaptive virtual inertia control for enhancing frequency stability in low-inertia microgrids</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Boutfarjoute, Omar</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Chekenbah, Hamid</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Maataoui, Yassir</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Lasri, Rafik</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">frequency stability; fuzzy logic; renewable energy sources; virtual inertia; voltage source inverter</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">The increasing integration of renewable energy sources (RES) is accelerating the shift from traditional synchronous machine-based power systems to inverter-dominated grids. This transition poses significant frequency stability challenges, as power electronic interfaces lack the inherent kinetic energy storage of conventional generators, resulting in low system inertia. To address these challenges, this study proposes an adaptive virtual inertia control system based on fuzzy logic, which offers notable advancements in frequency dynamics. The proposed controller dynamically adjusts the virtual inertia constant in real-time by leveraging inputs such as frequency and the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF). This adaptive approach overcomes the limitations of fixed inertia systems, ensuring improved frequency stability and superior transient performance during load disturbances. Simulation results validate the system's effectiveness, showing reduced frequency overshoots, minimized deviations, and faster recovery to nominal frequency compared to conventional fixed inertia methods. By rapidly damping oscillations and enhancing transient stability, the proposed system significantly outperforms traditional techniques. Moreover, the study reviews current virtual inertia strategies, control topologies, and explores future research directions for integrating advanced virtual inertia into modern grids. These findings demonstrate the robustness of fuzzy logic based adaptive inertia for stabilizing low-inertia microgrids with high RES penetration.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science</dc:publisher>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US"></dc:contributor>
	<dc:date>2025-09-01</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:identifier>https://ijpeds.iaescore.com/index.php/IJPEDS/article/view/23994</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i3.pp2005-2016</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS); Vol 16, No 3: September 2025; 2005-2016</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2722-256X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2088-8694</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i3</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://ijpeds.iaescore.com/index.php/IJPEDS/article/view/23994/15041</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2025 Omar Boutfarjoute, Hamid Chekenbah, Yassir Maataoui, Rafik Lasri</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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