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Performance of grid-connected photovoltaic systems in Northern and Southern Hemispheres under equatorial climate

International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems · Vol. 15 No. 2 (2024) · pp. 858–873

DOI
10.11591/ijpeds.v15.i2.pp858-873
ISSN
2722-256X, 2088-8694
Published
2024-06-01
Publisher
Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

This work studied the actual and simulated technical performance between two grid-connected photovoltaic (GCPV) systems representing opposite latitudes. The system with a capacity of 5.4 kWp installed in Kelantan, Malaysia represents the northern equator, and the 183.6 kWp system installed in Cikarang, Indonesia, denotes the southern equator. The performance was simulated using PVsyst software, which included the energy output (E_outt), reference yield (Y_r), final yield 〖(Y〗_f), performance ratio (PR), and capacity factor (CF). The mean bias error (MBE) between the actual and simulated technical performance were as follows; for system A, the yearly MBE for the E_out, Y_r, Y_f, PR, and CF were -0.4%, 17.1%, -1.4%, -15.8%, and 1.4%, respectively, and for system B, the E_out, Y_r, 〖 Y〗_f, PR, and CF values were 9.80%, 18.3%, 10.0%, -7.2%, and 10.0% respectively. The results have proven that PVsyst has successfully simulated the yearly E_out, 〖 Y〗_f and CF for both systems including PR, for system B, with MBE less than 10%. However, it is noteworthy to highlight that PVsyst significantly overestimated the Y_r of both systems up to 18.3% and conversely underestimated the PR for system A by 15.8%, which highly likely caused by the Meteonorm imported weather data.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 130 co-authorship links · 2 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Informatics and Business Institute Darmajaya
  • Cenderawasih University
  • Universiti Teknologi MARA
  • Universiti Malaysia Perlis
  • Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
  • Universiti Putra Malaysia
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Nurmalessa MuhammadAffiliation unknown4
Muhammad Murtadha OthmanAffiliation unknown2
Yang Ilya Akila Abdul RahimAffiliation unknown2
Nur Awliyah MansorAffiliation unknown2
Farah Liyana Muhammad KhirAffiliation unknown2
Aswin AswinInformatics and Business Institute Darmajaya1
Nasruddin NasruddinCenderawasih University1
Ade KurniawanAffiliation unknown1
Hendra HermawanAffiliation unknown1
Mokhtar MokhtarAffiliation unknown1
Askar Adika AgamaAffiliation unknown1
Ahmad Syihan AuzaniAffiliation unknown1
Yulianto Sulistyo NugrohoAffiliation unknown1
Harinaldi HarinaldiAffiliation unknown1
A. M. OmarAffiliation unknown1
Z. M. ZainAffiliation unknown1
S. ShaariAffiliation unknown1
Ismail MusirinUniversiti Teknologi MARA1
Mohammad Fazrul Ashraf Mohd FazilAffiliation unknown1
Mohd Hafez Hilmi HarunAffiliation unknown1
Tole SutiknoUniversitas Ahmad Dahlan1
Mohammad Faridun Naim TajuddinUniversiti Malaysia Perlis1
Azralmukmin AzmiAffiliation unknown1
Shahrin Md AyobAffiliation unknown1
Yazhar YatimAffiliation unknown1
Mohd Amran Mohd RadziUniversiti Putra Malaysia1
Ahmad Farid AbidinAffiliation unknown1
Awais FarooqiAffiliation unknown1
Atiqah Hamizah Mohd NordinAffiliation unknown1
Sulaiman ShaariAffiliation unknown1
Rijalul Fahmi MustapaAffiliation unknown1
Fiona RolandAffiliation unknown1
Norsyafrina Abdul ZaidAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://ijpeds.iaescore.com/index.php/IJPEDS/oai, first harvested 8 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Performance of grid-connected photovoltaic systems in Northern and Southern Hemispheres under equatorial climate</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Abdul Rahim, Yang Ilya Akila</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Zainuddin, Hedzlin</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Setiawan, Eko Adhi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Madsuha, Alfian Ferdiansyah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Hussin, Mohamad Zhafran</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Sulaiman, Shahril Irwan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ibrahim, Siti Nor Nadhirah</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">equatorial climate; grid-connected (GC); photovoltaic (PV); PVsyst; system performance</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">This work studied the actual and simulated technical performance between two grid-connected photovoltaic (GCPV) systems representing opposite latitudes. The system with a capacity of 5.4 kWp installed in Kelantan, Malaysia represents the northern equator, and the 183.6 kWp system installed in Cikarang, Indonesia, denotes the southern equator. The performance was simulated using PVsyst software, which included the energy output (E_outt), reference yield (Y_r), final yield 〖(Y〗_f), performance ratio (PR), and capacity factor (CF). The mean bias error (MBE) between the actual and simulated technical performance were as follows; for system A, the yearly MBE for the E_out, Y_r, Y_f, PR, and CF were -0.4%, 17.1%, -1.4%, -15.8%, and 1.4%, respectively, and for system B, the E_out, Y_r, 〖 Y〗_f, PR, and CF values were 9.80%, 18.3%, 10.0%, -7.2%, and 10.0% respectively. The results have proven that PVsyst has successfully simulated the yearly E_out, 〖 Y〗_f and CF for both systems including PR, for system B, with MBE less than 10%. However, it is noteworthy to highlight that PVsyst significantly overestimated the Y_r of both systems up to 18.3% and conversely underestimated the PR for system A by 15.8%, which highly likely caused by the Meteonorm imported weather data.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science</dc:publisher>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US"></dc:contributor>
	<dc:date>2024-06-01</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
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	<dc:identifier>https://ijpeds.iaescore.com/index.php/IJPEDS/article/view/23005</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.11591/ijpeds.v15.i2.pp858-873</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS); Vol 15, No 2: June 2024; 858-873</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2722-256X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2088-8694</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.11591/ijpeds.v15.i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://ijpeds.iaescore.com/index.php/IJPEDS/article/view/23005/14498</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2024 Alfian Ferdiansyah Madsuha</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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