Journal SINTA 2
Increasing The Capacity of Headstega Based on Bitwise Operation
Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Informasi (JIKI) · Vol. 14 No. 2 (2021) · pp. 113–126
- ISSN
- 2502-9274, 2088-7051
- Published
- 2021-07-04
- Publisher
- Faculty of Computer Science - Universitas Indonesia
- Language
- eng
Abstract
Headstega (Head steganography) is a noiseless steganography that used email headers as a cover for concealing messages. However, it has less embedding capacity and it raises suspicion. For overcoming the problem, bitwise operation is proposed. In the proposed method, the message was embedded into the cover by converting the message and the cover into binary representation based on a mapping table that was already known by the sender and the receiver. Furthermore, XOR bitwise operations were applied to the secret message and cover bits based on random numbers that were generated using a modular function. Moreover, the result was converted into characters that represent the secret message bits. After embedding the message into the cover, an email alias was generated to camouflage the secret message characters. Finally, the sender sends the embedded cover and the email alias to the recipient. Using the proposed method, the embedding capacity is 89% larger than using the original Headstega. For reducing the adversary’s suspicion, the existing email address was used instead of creating a new email address.
Keywords
Collaboration network of the authors
35 authors · 80 co-authorship links · 4 across different organisations
Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.
- Telkom University
- Universitas Halu Oleo
- Universitas PGRI Kalimantan
- Affiliation unknown
- Different organisations
- Same organisation
- Affiliation unknown
- Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
| Co-author | Organisation | Joint articles |
|---|---|---|
| Loeky Haryanto | Affiliation unknown | 2 |
| Budi Nurwahyu | Affiliation unknown | 2 |
| Ahmad Syukur Daming | Affiliation unknown | 2 |
| Amir Kamal Amir | Affiliation unknown | 2 |
| Prasti Eko Yunanto | Telkom University | 1 |
| Farah Afianti | Telkom University | 1 |
| Widhian Bramantya | Telkom University | 1 |
| Ali Muhammad | Universitas PGRI Kalimantan | 1 |
| Soni Yora | Telkom University | 1 |
| Rimba Hamid | Universitas Halu Oleo | 1 |
| Nana Sumarna | Universitas Halu Oleo | 1 |
| La Ili La Ili | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Aris Badara | Universitas Halu Oleo | 1 |
| Amirudin Rahim | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Ida Sriwaty | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Waode Suarni | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Saleh Saleh | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| La Ndia La Ndia | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Andi Sadapotto | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Haidir Jibran | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Irfan Hakim Maridi | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Amanda Putri s | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Dhea Rizky Malinda | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Denaya Mutiara Salsa | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Dila Amelia Putri | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Vanessa J.A. Pandelaki | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Safriadi Safriadi | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| St. Munieroh Fachrunnisa | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Naimah Aris | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Haspika Haspika | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Muh Nur | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Ananda Dwi Nabila Nanda | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Sri Indrayani | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.