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Chemically activated biochar derived from mangrove litter with enhanced CO2 adsorption capacity for carbon sequestration

International Journal of Renewable Energy Development : JRED · Vol. 15 No. 3 (2026) · pp. 474–485

DOI
10.61435/ijred.2026.62059
ISSN
2252-4940
Published
2026-05-01
Publisher
Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

Overcoming climate change is crucial to ensure environmental sustainability. This research focuses on the development of chemically activated biochar (CAB) from mangrove litters that can be used for CO2 adsorption, which leads to reducing the impacts of climate change. The synthesisation of CAB was carried out via pyrolysis at 400℃ for 2 hours under nitrogen gas flow, followed by treatment using various activating agents (0.1 M of H2SO4, HCl, KOH, and NaOH) for 2 hours with a biochar-to-solution ratio of 1 g: 4 mL. The activation process was designed to enhance surface area, pore characteristics, and functional groups associated with CO2 adsorption performance. The observation on the characteristics of CAB using Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), The Brunauer, Emmett, Teller and Barret-Joyner-Halenda (BET-BJH), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), CHN Analyser, and static batch CO2 adsorption tests shows the ability of CAB in capturing CO2 through several possible mechanism. Among the samples, KOH-activated biochar (B-KOH) exhibited the highest CO2 adsorption capacity, reaching 12.47 mmol CO2 g-1 biochar. This high performance is attributed to a potassium (K) composition of 9.74%, which effectively catalyzed the development of a microporous structure, resulting in a micropore volume of 5.927 x 10-3 cm3/g and an optimized average pore width of 1.543 nm. Furthermore, B-KOH maintained the highest O-H group area (1.533 a.u. x cm-1), enhancing its affinity for CO2 molecules. This research offers an innovative and practical solution to reduce greenhouse gases and is expected to have a significant impact, both locally and globally, in advancing sustainable development.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 115 co-authorship links · showing the 40 most connected

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  • Diponegoro University
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Erwan Adi SaputraAffiliation unknown5
Miradatul Najwa Muhd RodhiAffiliation unknown3
Harumi VenyAffiliation unknown3
H. HadiyantoAffiliation unknown3
Wei GaoAffiliation unknown3
Hadiyanto HadiyantoDiponegoro University3
Aji PrasetyaningrumAffiliation unknown3
Bakti JosAffiliation unknown3
Dina LesdantinaAffiliation unknown3
Heru SusantoAffiliation unknown3
Rosalyza HasanAffiliation unknown2
Chi Cheng ChongAffiliation unknown2
Ratna Dewi KusumaningtyasAffiliation unknown2
Haniif PrasetiawanAffiliation unknown2
Dhoni HartantoAffiliation unknown2
Aininu NafiunisaAffiliation unknown2
Nita AryantiAffiliation unknown2
Alifia Rizki AdinaAffiliation unknown2
Titik IstirokhatunAffiliation unknown2
Ismail AnshariAffiliation unknown1
Lee Peng TehAffiliation unknown1
Sugeng TriwahyonoAffiliation unknown1
Aishah Abdul JalilAffiliation unknown1
Muhammad Arif Abdul AzizAffiliation unknown1
Nur Hidayatul Nazirah KamarudinAffiliation unknown1
Aishah Abdul JalilAffiliation unknown1
Siti Hazirah AdamAffiliation unknown1
Nur Fatien Muhamad SallehAffiliation unknown1
Ku Halim Ku HamidAffiliation unknown1
Junzhe DongAffiliation unknown1
Junye DongAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/oai, first harvested 8 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Chemically activated biochar derived from mangrove litter with enhanced CO2 adsorption capacity for carbon sequestration</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Ariyanti, Dessy</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Syifa, Viona</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Hapsari, Farida Diyah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Widiasa, I Nyoman</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Widayat, Widayat</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Silviana, Silviana</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Purbasari, Aprilina</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Setiabudi, Herma Dina</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Hamzah, Fazlena</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">adsorption; biochar; carbon sequestration; chemical activation; mangrove litters</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Overcoming climate change is crucial to ensure environmental sustainability. This research focuses on the development of chemically activated biochar (CAB) from mangrove litters that can be used for CO2 adsorption, which leads to reducing the impacts of climate change. The synthesisation of CAB was carried out via pyrolysis at 400℃ for 2 hours under nitrogen gas flow, followed by treatment using various activating agents (0.1 M of H2SO4, HCl, KOH, and NaOH) for 2 hours with a biochar-to-solution ratio of 1 g : 4 mL. The activation process was designed to enhance surface area, pore characteristics, and functional groups associated with CO2 adsorption performance. The observation on the characteristics of CAB using Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), The Brunauer, Emmett, Teller and Barret-Joyner-Halenda (BET-BJH), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), CHN Analyser, and static batch CO2 adsorption tests shows the ability of CAB in capturing CO2 through several possible mechanism. Among the samples, KOH-activated biochar (B-KOH) exhibited the highest CO2 adsorption capacity, reaching 12.47 mmol CO2 g-1 biochar. This high performance is attributed to a potassium (K) composition of 9.74%, which effectively catalyzed the development of a microporous structure, resulting in a micropore volume of 5.927 x 10-3 cm3/g and an optimized average pore width of 1.543 nm. Furthermore, B-KOH maintained the highest O-H group area (1.533 a.u. x cm-1), enhancing its affinity for CO2 molecules. This research offers an innovative and practical solution to reduce greenhouse gases and is expected to have a significant impact, both locally and globally, in advancing sustainable development.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Center of Biomass &amp; Renewable Energy (CBIORE)</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-05-01</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
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	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/62059</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.61435/ijred.2026.62059</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">International Journal of Renewable Energy Development; Vol 15, No 3 (2026): May 2026; 474-485</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2252-4940</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/62059/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Centre of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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