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Effect of biological agents on chlorpyrifos content in soil and bulbs, soil fertility, and shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) yield

Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management · Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025) · pp. 8735–8750

DOI
10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8735
ISSN
2502-2458, 2339-076X
Published
2025-10-01
Publisher
Brawijaya University
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

Abstract

Continuous pesticide application in shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) cultivation can reduce soil chemical and biological fertility, potentially leading to the accumulation of pesticide residues. Sustainable agricultural practices are therefore needed to restore soil fertility and improve shallot yield. This study was conducted as a field experiment using a randomized complete block design with a single-factor treatment, namely the type of biological agent: control (BA0), Atlantibacter hermannii (BA1), Pseudomonas sp. (BA2), Indigenous bacterial consortium (BA3), Eco enzyme (BA4), and Biofilm (BA5) from Mount Lawu's western slopes. Each experimental treatment was repeated five times, resulting in a total of 30 units. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan multiple range test (DMRT) and Pearson correlation. The parameters observed included chlorpyrifos levels, chemical and biological characteristics, and shallot yield. The results of the study indicate that Atlantibacter hermannii (BA1) reduced soil chlorpyrifos content by 64.62% and increased shallot yield by 41.44%. Eco enzyme (BA4) and biofilm (BA5) were the most effective in lowering chlorpyrifos accumulation in bulbs, with reductions of 42.31% and 38.46%, respectively. Regarding soil fertility, BA1 increased available phosphorus by 30.32%, Pseudomonas sp. (BA2) increased available potassium by 12%, and BA4 increased total nitrogen by 18.18%; however, the improvements from BA2 and BA4 were similar to those from BA1. Overall, Atlantibacter hermannii (BA1) and eco enzyme (BA4) emerged as the most promising biological agents for reducing pesticide residues, enhancing soil fertility, and increasing shallot production, highlighting their potential application in sustainable agriculture.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 145 co-authorship links · 2 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Hasanuddin University
  • Cenderawasih University
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Jauhari SyamsiyahAffiliation unknown8
Yudi YudiAffiliation unknown7
Sri RahayuHasanuddin University6
Kholis RoisahAffiliation unknown5
Ongko CahyonoAffiliation unknown5
Mujiyo MujiyoAffiliation unknown4
Aktavia HerawatiAffiliation unknown4
Sri HartatiAffiliation unknown4
Purwanto PurwantoCenderawasih University4
Nadine Yuki AzzahraAffiliation unknown4
Sudadi SudadiAffiliation unknown4
Sumani SumaniAffiliation unknown3
MIRZA ARSIATY ARSYADUniversitas Halu Oleo2
TERRY PAKKIUniversitas Halu Oleo2
Asniah AsniahUniversitas Halu Oleo2
Arnanda YusliwidakaAffiliation unknown2
Muhammad RidwanHasanuddin University2
S. SupriyadiAffiliation unknown2
Febriana Ida Dwi AriyantiAffiliation unknown2
Hildegardis MissaAffiliation unknown2
Anselmus Boy BaunseleAffiliation unknown2
Dwi SiswantaAffiliation unknown2
Johnson N. NaatAffiliation unknown2
Khansadhia Afifah WardanaAffiliation unknown2
Slamet MinardiAffiliation unknown2
Widyatmani Sih DewiAffiliation unknown2
Dwi Priyo AriyantoAffiliation unknown2
Supriyadi SupriyadiAffiliation unknown2
Abdul RahmanUniversitas Halu Oleo1
MUHAMMAD TAUFIKUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Sukma AyuUniversitas Halu Oleo1
MARIADI MARIADIUniversitas Halu Oleo1
YAS WENDAUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Vit Neru SatrahUniversitas Halu Oleo1
GUSTI MADE MURDIKAAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://jdmlm.ub.ac.id/index.php/jdmlm/oai, first harvested 9 Nov 2026, last seen 9 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Effect of biological agents on chlorpyrifos content in soil and bulbs, soil fertility, and shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) yield</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Saputri, Agustin Ayu</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Rahayu, Rahayu</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Widijanto, Hery</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Cahyani, Vita Ratri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Rosariastuti, Retno</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">biofilm</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">eco enzyme</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">indigenous bacteria</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">pesticide residue</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">sustainable agriculture</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Continuous pesticide application in shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) cultivation can reduce soil chemical and biological fertility, potentially leading to the accumulation of pesticide residues. Sustainable agricultural practices are therefore needed to restore soil fertility and improve shallot yield. This study was conducted as a field experiment using a randomized complete block design with a single-factor treatment, namely the type of biological agent: control (BA0), Atlantibacter hermannii (BA1), Pseudomonas sp. (BA2), Indigenous bacterial consortium (BA3), Eco enzyme (BA4), and Biofilm (BA5) from Mount Lawu's western slopes. Each experimental treatment was repeated five times, resulting in a total of 30 units. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan multiple range test (DMRT) and Pearson correlation. The parameters observed included chlorpyrifos levels, chemical and biological characteristics, and shallot yield. The results of the study indicate that Atlantibacter hermannii (BA1) reduced soil chlorpyrifos content by 64.62% and increased shallot yield by 41.44%. Eco enzyme (BA4) and biofilm (BA5) were the most effective in lowering chlorpyrifos accumulation in bulbs, with reductions of 42.31% and 38.46%, respectively. Regarding soil fertility, BA1 increased available phosphorus by 30.32%, Pseudomonas sp. (BA2) increased available potassium by 12%, and BA4 increased total nitrogen by 18.18%; however, the improvements from BA2 and BA4 were similar to those from BA1. Overall, Atlantibacter hermannii (BA1) and eco enzyme (BA4) emerged as the most promising biological agents for reducing pesticide residues, enhancing soil fertility, and increasing shallot production, highlighting their potential application in sustainable agriculture.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Brawijaya University</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-10-01</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jdmlm.ub.ac.id/index.php/jdmlm/article/view/17266</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8735</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management; Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025); 8735-8750</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2502-2458</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2339-076X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jdmlm.ub.ac.id/index.php/jdmlm/article/view/17266/1747</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</dc:rights>
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