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Risk Analysis of Groundwater Contaminant in Rural Areas Using Spatial Distribution

Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy · Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024) · pp. 214–224

DOI
10.56338/jphp.v4i3.6032
ISSN
2775-4952
Published
2024-11-05
Publisher
Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu
Language
eng

Abstract

Background: Water is a very important material for the life of creatures in nature and its function for life cannot be replaced by other compounds. Groundwater is an important resource for humans, especially in rural areas that depend on Groundwaters as the main source of clean water. However, the quality of groundwater in many areas has decreased due to pollution from human activities, such as agriculture and industry. Method: This study aims to analyse the level of pollution risk of groundwaters in rural areas of Masama District, Banggai Regency using descriptive quantitative methods. Spatial analysis of pollution risk was conducted on 516 Groundwaters selected as samples. Spatial data is collected by recording the location of each well using GPS, which is then used to create a spatial map. The pollution risk analysis is based on the Sanitation Inspection results, using 11 key indicators. Result: The results showed that 4 Groundwaters (0.78%) were in the very high pollution risk category, 115 Groundwaters (22.29%) were in the high-risk category, 204 Groundwaters (39.53%) were classified as medium risk, and 193 Groundwaters (37.40%) had low pollution risk. The results indicate that most Groundwaters in the study area are at moderate to high risk. Groundwaters with high and very high risk are dominated by Groundwaters located in Minang Andala, Purwo Agung and Kembang Merta villages, which are agricultural areas with sufficient area and most of the people have livestock around their homes which could potentially be a source of contaminants. Conclusion: This study shows that the majority of Groundwaters in the study area have a moderate to high risk of pollution, with high and very high-risk categories found in villages that have agricultural and livestock activities. This emphasises the need for more intensive groundwater management and protection measures.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 92 co-authorship links · 6 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Hasanuddin University
  • Universitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku
  • Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Pelamonia
  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • State University of Semarang
  • Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim
  • Malikussaleh University
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Muhammad SyahrirAffiliation unknown5
Agus Bintara BirawidaAffiliation unknown4
Anwar DaudAffiliation unknown3
Hasanuddin IshakHasanuddin University3
Firdaus HamidAffiliation unknown3
Agus Bintara BirawidaHasanuddin University2
Zikra HayatiAffiliation unknown2
Andi Indahwaty SidinHasanuddin University1
Andi JamalinaHasanuddin University1
Nurfatmala NurfatmalaAffiliation unknown1
Fajar Septian AnwarHasanuddin University1
M Alimin MaidinHasanuddin University1
Hasnawati AmqamHasanuddin University1
Maldi PrasetyoHasanuddin University1
Muh. Fajaruddin NatsirHasanuddin University1
Syahri WahyuniHasanuddin University1
Muhammad HattaAffiliation unknown1
Gracia Victoria SouisaUniversitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku1
Hasan HasyimAffiliation unknown1
Makmur SelomoHasanuddin University1
Muammar MuammarInstitut Ilmu Kesehatan Pelamonia1
Sumarni SumarniUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Stang Abdul RahmanHasanuddin University1
Ary HandayaniAffiliation unknown1
Sucihatiningsih Dian Wisika PrajantiState University of Semarang1
Kardoyo KardoyoAffiliation unknown1
Muthmainnah MuthmainnahUniversitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim1
Mimi HariyaniAffiliation unknown1
Misbahul JannahMalikussaleh University1
Wati OvianaAffiliation unknown1
Nada azizahAffiliation unknown1
Daniah DaniahAffiliation unknown1
Yuni Setia NingsihAffiliation unknown1
Maula AtikaAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jurnal.unismuhpalu.ac.id/index.php/jphp/oai, first harvested 9 Nov 2026, last seen 9 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Risk Analysis of Groundwater Contaminant in Rural Areas Using Spatial Distribution</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Herawati, Herawati</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Kanan, Maria</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Anwar Mallongi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Bidullah, Ramli</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Sakati, Sandy N.</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Balebu, Dwi Wahyu</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">SIG</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Water Pollution</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Risk Mitigation</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Groundwaters</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Background: Water is a very important material for the life of creatures in nature and its function for life cannot be replaced by other compounds. Groundwater is an important resource for humans, especially in rural areas that depend on Groundwaters as the main source of clean water. However, the quality of groundwater in many areas has decreased due to pollution from human activities, such as agriculture and industry.
Method: This study aims to analyse the level of pollution risk of groundwaters in rural areas of Masama District, Banggai Regency using descriptive quantitative methods. Spatial analysis of pollution risk was conducted on 516 Groundwaters selected as samples. Spatial data is collected by recording the location of each well using GPS, which is then used to create a spatial map. The pollution risk analysis is based on the Sanitation Inspection results, using 11 key indicators.
Result: The results showed that 4 Groundwaters (0.78%) were in the very high pollution risk category, 115 Groundwaters (22.29%) were in the high-risk category, 204 Groundwaters (39.53%) were classified as medium risk, and 193 Groundwaters (37.40%) had low pollution risk.&amp;nbsp; The results indicate that most Groundwaters in the study area are at moderate to high risk. Groundwaters with high and very high risk are dominated by Groundwaters located in Minang Andala, Purwo Agung and Kembang Merta villages, which are agricultural areas with sufficient area and most of the people have livestock around their homes which could potentially be a source of contaminants.
Conclusion: This study shows that the majority of Groundwaters in the study area have a moderate to high risk of pollution, with high and very high-risk categories found in villages that have agricultural and livestock activities. This emphasises the need for more intensive groundwater management and protection measures.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2024-11-05</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.unismuhpalu.ac.id/index.php/jphp/article/view/6032</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.56338/jphp.v4i3.6032</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy; Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024); 214-224</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2775-4952</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.unismuhpalu.ac.id/index.php/jphp/article/view/6032/4550</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>