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Indikator kolorimetri berpori berbasis nanokristal selulosa dari Calotropis gigantea untuk evaluasi kesegaran ikan secara non-destruktif: Indikator kolorimetri berpori berbasis nanokristal selulosa dari Calotropis gigantea untuk evaluasi kesegaran ikan secara non-destruktif
Smart porous colorimetric indicators based on cellulose nanocrystals-Calotropis gigantea for non-destructive evaluation of fish freshness: Indikator kolorimetri berpori berbasis nanokristal selulosa dari Calotropis gigantea untuk evaluasi kesegaran ikan secara non-destruktif
Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia · Vol. 29 No. 7 (2026) · pp. 636–652
- ISSN
- 2354-886X, 2303-2111
- Published
- 2026-07-31
- Publisher
- Department of Aquatic Product Technology IPB University in collaboration with Masyarakat Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia (MPHPI)
- Language
- eng
Abstract
Indonesian
Pengembangan kemasan cerdas berbasis perubahan warna menjadi salah satu pendekatan inovatif untuk memantau mutu pangan segar secara real-time. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi indikator berpori berbasis komposit poli(vinil alkohol)/poli(vinil pirolidon) (PVA/PVP) yang diperkuat nanokristal selulosa dari Calotropis gigantea (CNCs-CG) dan diimobilisasi dengan antosianin bunga telang serta mengevaluasi potensi penerapannya sebagai sistem kemasan cerdas untuk pemantauan kesegaran ikan secara real-time dan non-destruktif. Penambahan CNCs-CG sebagai filler (0; 0,50; 0,75; 1,00; dan 1,25 g) meningkatkan luas permukaan komposit menjadi berturut-turut 0,45; 10,22; 38,66; 162,54; dan 40,44 m²/g. Berdasarkan analisis BET dan SEM, penambahan 1,00 g CNCs-CG menghasilkan porositas dan distribusi mesopori terbaik sehingga dipilih untuk imobilisasi dua jenis antosianin (AT-1, pH 1 dan AT-2, pH 6). Respons indikator diuji terhadap uap amonia serta diaplikasikan pada ikan nila yang disimpan pada suhu ruang dan 5°C. Data hasil pengujian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan komparatif berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi, luas permukaan, perubahan warna indikator, serta keterkaitannya dengan nilai pH dan total volatile base nitrogen (TVBN). Indikator AT-2 menunjukkan perubahan warna lebih cepat dan konsisten, dengan peningkatan TVBN dari 3,94 menjadi 27,37 mg/100 g setelah 24 jam pada suhu ruang, sedangkan pada penyimpanan 5°C nilainya tetap di bawah batas kesegaran hingga hari ke-14. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indikator AT-2 mampu membedakan tingkat kesegaran ikan secara efektif dan memiliki korelasi yang baik dengan nilai pH dan TVBN, sehingga berpotensi diaplikasikan sebagai sistem kemasan cerdas untuk pemantauan kesegaran ikan secara non-destruktif.
English
The development of smart packaging based on colorimetric changes has emerged as an innovative approach for the real-time monitoring of fresh food quality. This study aimed to evaluate a porous colorimetric indicator based on a poly (vinyl alcohol)/poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVA/PVP) composite reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals derived from Calotropis gigantea (CNCs-CG) and immobilized with butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) flower anthocyanins, and to evaluate its potential application as an intelligent packaging system for real-time, non-destructive monitoring of fish freshness. The incorporation of CNCs-CG as a filler (0, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25 g) increased the composite surface area to 0.45, 10.22, 38.66, 162.54, and 40.44 m²/g, respectively. Based on Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses, the incorporation of 1.00 g CNCs-CG produced the highest porosity and optimal mesoporous structure and was therefore selected for the immobilization of two anthocyanin extracts (AT-1, pH 1, and AT-2, pH 6). The indicator response was evaluated against ammonia vapor and applied to Nile tilapia stored at room temperature and 5°C. The experimental data were analyzed descriptively and comparatively based on morphological characteristics, surface area, indicator color changes, and their relationships with pH and total volatile base nitrogen (TVBN) values. The AT-2 indicator exhibited a faster and more consistent color transition, accompanied by an increase in TVBN from 3.94 to 27.37 mg/100 g after 24 h of storage at room temperature, whereas samples stored at 5°C remained below the freshness threshold until day 14. These findings demonstrate that the AT-2 indicator effectively discriminates fish freshness levels and shows a strong correlation with pH and TVBN values, highlighting its potential application as an intelligent packaging system for the non-destructive monitoring of fish freshness.
Keywords
Collaboration network of the authors
40 authors · 119 co-authorship links · 4 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected
Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.
- Universitas Halu Oleo
- Universiti Brunei Darussalam
- Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang
- University of Mataram
- Universitas Muslim Buton
- Cenderawasih University
- State University of Malang
- Other organisations
- Affiliation unknown
- Different organisations
- Same organisation
- Affiliation unknown
- Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
| Co-author | Organisation | Joint articles |
|---|---|---|
| Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto | Affiliation unknown | 3 |
| Cut Rahmawati | Affiliation unknown | 3 |
| Nurhayati Nurhayati | Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang | 2 |
| Yayuk Astuti | Affiliation unknown | 2 |
| Adi Darmawan | Affiliation unknown | 2 |
| Risti Ragadhita | Affiliation unknown | 2 |
| Ni Nyoman Sri Putu Verawati | University of Mataram | 1 |
| Saiful Prayogi | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Hikmawati Hikmawati | Universitas Muslim Buton | 1 |
| Nasruddin Nasruddin | Cenderawasih University | 1 |
| Nasra Nasra | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| La Harimu | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Dian Hardianti | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Muh. Alim Marhadi | Universitas Halu Oleo | 1 |
| Listianingsih Listianingsih | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Asmawati Munir | Universitas Halu Oleo | 1 |
| HM Sirih | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Siti Zubaidah | State University of Malang | 1 |
| Deny Setiawan | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Muhamad Justitia Ramadhan | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Sindi Kharomah | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Sinta Kharomah | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Natasya Adiba Zahrah | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Hikmah Buroidah | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Ahmad Fauzi | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Meliyana Meliyana | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Azwar Thaib | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Teuku Budi Aulia | Universitas Syiah Kuala | 1 |
| Taufiq Saidi | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Ikhwanul Muslimin | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Izarul Machdar | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.