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Constructing Sustainable Maternal and Child Health Strategies: Analyzing Factors Associated with Low-Birth-Weight Incidence in Indonesia

Nurse Media Journal of Nursing · Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025) · pp. 153–161

DOI
10.14710/nmjn.v15i2.63181
ISSN
2406-8799, 2087-7811
Published
2025-08-31
Publisher
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

Background: Maternal and child health (MCH) is crucial for public health, especially in low- and middle-income countries like Indonesia. Despite improvements in healthcare infrastructure, challenges remain in reducing maternal and neonatal mortality rates, with low birth weight (LBW) posing a significant concern. Previous research has largely examined individual factors, such as maternal age, parity, or nutritional status, in isolation. To date, there has been no comprehensive analysis integrating the various determinants of LBW within the Indonesian context.Purpose: This study aimed to comprehensively analyze factors associated with LBW incidence in Indonesia to inform sustainable MCH strategies.Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to analyze data from 420 newborns and their mothers. A structured questionnaire and medical record reviews were used to collect data on maternal characteristics, antenatal care attendance, birth outcomes, and infant characteristics. Data were obtained from maternal and child health reports collected by primary health centers and hospitals under the Ministry of Health between 2021 and 2023. Statistical analyses, including bivariate Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression, were conducted to identify factors associated with LBW incidence.Results: The prevalence of LBW among newborns was 34.3%. Significant associations were found between LBW and maternal anemia (OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.16–2.03), irregular antenatal care attendance (OR 11.9; 95% CI 8.17–17.32), multiparity (OR = 0.61; 95% CI = 0.43–0.88), and preterm birth (OR = 11.22; 95% CI = 7.55–16.68). Primiparous mothers and full-term infants were less likely to experience LBW. Among the associated factors, irregular antenatal care visits and preterm birth emerged as the most dominant risk factors. No significant associations were observed with maternal complications, chronic diseases, infant gender, mode of delivery, or maternal age.Conclusion: Targeted interventions addressing maternal anemia, improving access to and adherence with antenatal care, and preventing preterm births are critical strategies for reducing LBW in Indonesia. The findings in this study underscore the need to improve maternal nutrition and encourage pregnant women to attend regular antenatal care visits.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

33 authors · 80 co-authorship links

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  • State University of Semarang
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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Husda MarwanAffiliation unknown3
Iwan JunaediState University of Semarang1
Sukestiyarno YLAffiliation unknown1
Wardono WardonoAffiliation unknown1
Riris ButarbutarAffiliation unknown1
Enyla ManurungAffiliation unknown1
Asniwita AsniwitaAffiliation unknown1
Ilham Maulana Al-ayubiAffiliation unknown1
Radika Sabrina AndersonAffiliation unknown1
Safrina AminiAffiliation unknown1
Agung Purwa WidiyanAffiliation unknown1
Nasrul ArahmanAffiliation unknown1
Khalid MizarAffiliation unknown1
Juliana JulianaAffiliation unknown1
Iskandar ISKANDARAffiliation unknown1
Janah SojanahAffiliation unknown1
Pupu Saeful RahmatAffiliation unknown1
Asep MiftahuddinAffiliation unknown1
Shafinar IsmailAffiliation unknown1
Inomjon QudratovAffiliation unknown1
Sri Pantja MadyawatiAffiliation unknown1
Arimbi ArimbiAffiliation unknown1
Rochmah kurnijasantiAffiliation unknown1
Hani PlumeriastutiAffiliation unknown1
Chici Ayu ParamitaAffiliation unknown1
Dwi PurwantiAffiliation unknown1
Karningsih KarningsihAffiliation unknown1
Fauziah YulfitriaAffiliation unknown1
Een NuraenahAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/medianers/oai, first harvested 10 Nov 2026, last seen 10 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Constructing Sustainable Maternal and Child Health Strategies: Analyzing Factors Associated with Low-Birth-Weight Incidence in Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Sari, Gita Nirmala</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Sari, Dewi Nirmala</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Fratidhina, Yudhia</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Mulyati, Sri</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Antenatal care; Indonesia; low birth weight; maternal anemia; maternal and child health</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Background: Maternal and child health (MCH) is crucial for public health, especially in low- and middle-income countries like Indonesia. Despite improvements in healthcare infrastructure, challenges remain in reducing maternal and neonatal mortality rates, with low birth weight (LBW) posing a significant concern. Previous research has largely examined individual factors, such as maternal age, parity, or nutritional status, in isolation. To date, there has been no comprehensive analysis integrating the various determinants of LBW within the Indonesian context.Purpose: This study aimed to comprehensively analyze factors associated with LBW incidence in Indonesia to inform sustainable MCH strategies.Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to analyze data from 420 newborns and their mothers. A structured questionnaire and medical record reviews were used to collect data on maternal characteristics, antenatal care attendance, birth outcomes, and infant characteristics. Data were obtained from maternal and child health reports collected by primary health centers and hospitals under the Ministry of Health between 2021 and 2023. Statistical analyses, including bivariate Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression, were conducted to identify factors associated with LBW incidence.Results: The prevalence of LBW among newborns was 34.3%. Significant associations were found between LBW and maternal anemia (OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.16–2.03), irregular antenatal care attendance (OR 11.9; 95% CI 8.17–17.32), multiparity (OR = 0.61; 95% CI = 0.43–0.88), and preterm birth (OR = 11.22; 95% CI = 7.55–16.68). Primiparous mothers and full-term infants were less likely to experience LBW. Among the associated factors, irregular antenatal care visits and preterm birth emerged as the most dominant risk factors. No significant associations were observed with maternal complications, chronic diseases, infant gender, mode of delivery, or maternal age.Conclusion: Targeted interventions addressing maternal anemia, improving access to and adherence with antenatal care, and preventing preterm births are critical strategies for reducing LBW in Indonesia. The findings in this study underscore the need to improve maternal nutrition and encourage pregnant women to attend regular antenatal care visits.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-08-31</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
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	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/medianers/article/view/63181</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.14710/nmjn.v15i2.63181</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Nurse Media Journal of Nursing; Vol 15, No 2 (2025): (August 2025); 153-161</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2406-8799</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2087-7811</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/medianers/article/view/63181/29409</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2025 by the Authors, Published by Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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